The most severe heat-related disorder is heat stroke. People working outdoors, the elderly and children are most likely to suffer from the condition in the hot summer months. Additional risk factors include obesity, alcohol consumption, cardiovascular disease and those taking certain medications, according to MayoClinic.com. The condition is life threatening and occurs when a person's core body temperature reaches 104 degrees Fahrenheit or higher, reports MedlinePlus. Signs of a heat stroke include irrational behavior, confusion, shallow and rapid respiration, and seizures. The skin feels dry and hot with a red appearance. If a person suspects heat stroke, emergency medical treatment is required.
Step 1
Wear lightweight, loose clothing in hot weather. Avoid tight-fighting pants or shirts that cause excessive sweating. Wear light-colored clothes and avoid dark colors that absorb sunlight, such as black, navy blue or brown. Give yourself shade, and protect your skin from sun exposure by donning a wide-brimmed hat.
Step 2
Avoid direct sunlight. Stay in shaded areas if possible. Seek cooler environments if air conditioning is not available. Visit public places such as the local mall, movie theater or library to get relief from the heat, suggests MayoClinic.com. Cool down by sitting near a cool pond or stream when outdoors and shelter is unavailable.
Step 3
Do not exercise in extremely hot conditions. Schedule physical activity or outdoor work for early-morning or late-evening hours---before 10 a.m. and after 6 p.m., advises FamilyDoctor.org. Take frequent breaks.
Step 4
Drink plenty of fluid before, during and after physical activity, recommends MedlinePlus. Do not drink alcoholic beverages, coffee or soda, which increase dehydration. Besides water, consume sports drinks that replenish and balance the body's electrolytes, UMMC says.
Step 5
Never sit in a car for extended periods during hot summer months. According to MayoClinic.com, the temperature inside a car can increase 20 degrees in as little as 10 minutes. Always bring children or pets indoors, even for short periods, instead of leaving them waiting in a car.
Things You'll Need
- Lightweight, loose-fitting, light-colored clothing
- Hat
- Water
- Sports drinks
