Heartburn and acid reflux are similar, with heartburn being the main symptom of the other. Acid reflux, also called gastroesophageal reflux disease, results because the lower esophageal sphincter does not properly close and allows food and acid back into the esophagus. People of every age are afflicted with acid reflux, from infants to the elderly. It is more common in those who are obese, those with hiatal hernias and women who are pregnant, according to the Penn State University Milton S. Hershey Medical Center.
Pain
The pain and discomfort from heartburn is the main sign of acid reflux and GERD, according to the National Institutes of Health. The pain can typically be felt in the lower part of the chest, behind or below the breastbone or in the middle or upper abdomen. The pain from heartburn can also spread to the neck, jaw, back and arms. Heartburn is often worse after eating or when lying down or bending over. Children with acid reflux often do not experience heartburn, and not all adults do, either.
Difficulty Swallowing
Another sign of acid reflux is difficulty swallowing or pain while swallowing, according to the Milton S. Hershey Medical Center. Some people also might feel as though there is a lump in the throat.
Cough
Acid reflux and heartburn can also cause a dry cough in some people. Shortness of breath can also develop. These respiratory conditions are most common in people who do not generally develop heartburn as a symptom, according to the National Institutes of Health. People with asthma also might experience a worsening of their symptoms when they have reflux.
Regurgitation
Heartburn and acid reflux can also cause partially digested food and stomach acids to be regurgitated into the mouth. This can cause a bitter taste in the mouth and might lead to bad breath, according to the Milton S. Hershey Medical Center. Some people also might experience episodes of spitting up while they are lying down or sleeping.
Throat Changes
Acid reflux and heartburn can also cause a sore throat or irritation in the throat, according to MayoClinic.com. Some people might find their voice has become more hoarse.
Salivation
Some people with acid reflux might salivate more, sometimes to the point of excess where more frequent swallowing is necessary, according to the Milton S. Hershey Medical Center.
