The medicinal herb saw palmetto is the most popular herbal treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia, or BPH, according to the National Institutes of Health. This versatile medicinal herb enjoys extensive popularity in Europe because of its medicinal efficacy and its low risk of side effects. Saw palmetto exerts several interrelated effects on the human body. Consult your health care provider before using saw palmetto, particularly if you have a medical condition or take medication.
BPH Relief
The National Institutes of Health regards saw palmetto as an effective treatment for enlarged prostate. Although it does little to alter the size of the prostate, saw palmetto improves urinary flow, nighttime symptoms and overall quality of life. The National Institutes of Health compares saw palmetto's efficacy to the prescription drug Proscar and notes that saw palmetto may have fewer side effects.
Hormonal Effects
Scientists are uncertain of how saw palmetto works to relieve prostate swelling. The National Institutes of Health suggests that it may work in a manner similar to Proscar, which inhibits the production of the enzyme 5-α-reductase. This, in turn prevents testosterone's conversion into dihydrotestosterone, which may enlarge the prostate. Additionally, saw palmetto may elevate levels of estrogen in the human body. The University of Maryland Medical Center advises people with hormone-sensitive conditions to avoid saw palmetto.
Side Effects
In general, saw palmetto is safe when used as directed. However, the University of Maryland Medical Center notes that it may cause mild discomforts including headache and digestive distress. In at least one case, a person experienced severe bleeding during surgery; the side effect was attributed to the antiplatelet effects of saw palmetto. Because saw palmetto can hinder blood clotting, it is important to avoid using it except under a health care provider's guidance if you have a medical condition or take medication.
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