Many adults suffer from a frequent or constant reddening of the facial skin that has nothing to do with sunburn or blushing. This condition is rosacea, an incurable disease that tends to worsen over time but is often cyclical, disappearing and then reappearing. Associated with the redness can be red pimples or pustules, hypersensitive skin, oiliness, dandruff, eye redness, and eye scaliness called conjunctivitis. While though no cure has yet been found, treatments do exist. Those who suspect that they have rosacea should see a dermatologist.
Over-the-Counter Skin Products
It is important not to purchase skin creams, gels or soaps without first consulting a dermatologist, who can recommend specific types of products. Some commercial skin care products can make rosacea worse. Washing with a hypoallergenic cleanser, such as Cetaphil, is helpful in avoiding aggravating the condition. No alcohol-based products should be used. Moisturizers should only be applied after facial medications have fully dried.
Prescription Medications
Once rosacea is diagnosed, a dermatologist may prescribe topical and/or oral medications to reduce the visible effects of the condition. Treatment may last four to eight weeks, with the option of permanent treatment if symptoms recur later. Topical products (creams or lotions applied to the skin) that are commonly prescribed include benzoyl peroxide, tretinoin, azelaic acid and antibiotics, such as metronidazole. Oral medications, which may be prescribed for simultaneous use with topical ones, include common antibiotics, such as tetracycline, minocycline and erythromycin. A more powerful drug which also carries higher risk of side effects is Accutane (clinical name Isotretinoin), familiar to sufferers from severe acne. Accutane is usually a second line of defense when milder treatments fail, but its use requires closer supervision by a dermatologist.
Surgical Options
Facial blood vessels, especially on the nose, can often become enlarged due to rosacea. Laser surgery is a common option to repair this condition.
Lifestyle Changes
While alcohol does not cause or worsen rosacea, it does cause the skin to flush and further deepen the redness associated with the condition. Reducing alcohol consumption may decrease the apparent redness. Certain prescription drugs, such as corticosteroids and common blood pressure medications, can also cause flushing, and so the prescribing doctor may be able to suggest alternatives. Avoiding situations that cause stress or anger also helps to minimize the effects of rosacea.
Exposure
The skin should be carefully protected from the elements when rosacea has been diagnosed. Exposure to direct sunlight should be kept to a minimum, and broad spectrum sunscreens should be worn on facial skin before such exposure. Extreme hot or cold temperatures can cause a rosacea flareup, as can excessive rubbing or abrasion of the skin.
Foods to Avoid
Food and drink prepared at hot temperatures can promote the reddening of facial skin. Very spicy dishes can have the same effect.
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