Ulcers
A peptic ulcer occurs when the lining of the stomach or the duodenum (the first portion of the small intestine) becomes damaged, leading to stomach acid burning sensitive tissue underneath. An ulcer in the duodenum generally gets better after eating, whereas a ulcer in the stomach often is worsened by eating. Peptic ulcers are usually caused by an infection from the bacteria H. pylori, though they can also be caused by smoking, alcohol abuse and excessive use of aspirin. Most peptic ulcers can be treated by avoiding smoking, aspirin, alcohol use, antibiotics and antacids.
Acid Reflux
Acid reflux is a condition in which the contents of the stomach, including some of the stomach acid, escape the stomach and "reflux" or migrate up into the esophagus. Because the esophagus is not designed to withstand stomach acid, acid reflux commonly causes a burning sensation in the chest. Normally, acid reflux is prevented via the action of a ring of muscle called the lower esophageal sphincter, which acts as a kind of valve between the esophagus and the stomach. However, certain things, such as alcohol use, obesity, indigestion and eating immediately before bed can cause relaxation of this sphincter.
Acid Reflux and Ulcers
Although acid reflux and ulcers are caused by the same thing--caustic stomach acid--ulcers do not lead to acid reflux. On the other hand, there are a few links between the two conditions. Alcohol abuse can lead to peptic ulcers and acid reflux. In addition, acid reflux can lead to ulceration of the esophagus. This commonly occurs as a result of chronic acid reflux, which gradually burns away the lining of the esophagus. This can lead to pain and bleeding and may feel very similar to a peptic ulcer. However, the two conditions are separate entities.
