Many situations cause grief. According to Changing Minds.org, Elizabeth Kubler Ross, a Swiss doctor involved in the study of dying, is credited with identifying a series of steps which have come to be known as The 7 Stages of Grief. It details the stages a person goes through in the grieving process, whether the grieving is initiated by a death or by incidents such as job loss or the ending of a relationship.
Shock
The initial shock phase sometimes appears to produce no reaction. Often the bad news requires repeating several times. Physical reactions may follow, including skin paleness, chilling and shortness of breath. Try to deliver shocking news in a private place where the person feels safe, away from strangers and in the company of friends or family.
Denial
The denial stage involves a world of pretend. The person goes about his life as if nothing has changed. He carries on a normal routine, even performing tasks that don't need to be done. Sympathize with the person, expressing your own anger and tears, allowing him to see that it is okay to act on his feelings.
Anger
Anger usually explodes in a huge burst of energy. All the pent up emotions come forth suddenly. Others are blamed whether there is reason or not. In the loss of a job, many receive blame, managers and co-workers alike. You should encourage the feelings and allow the person to express his anger.
Bargaining
Bargaining involves the hope that the situation is reversible. In situations of illness, alternative therapies are sought, and supposed miracle cures investigated. The loss of a job may involve offering to accept a pay cut, working extra or taking a lesser job. You should be cautious of giving false hope to those in the bargaining stage. Instead, offer suggestions on how to proceed from that point.
Depression
Depression takes hold as the reality and acceptance finally sinks in. A heavy despondency comes over the person, often causing her to turn inward and feel hopeless. In the case of an impending job loss, she often misses work, leaves assignments unfinished and comes in late. She may demonstrate lack of care in her appearance and demeanor. Show continual support, even though it often seems unwanted. Listen if she is willing to talk and encourage her to get out of her cocoon. It is important for you to continue showing support and encouragement because the further she slides into depression, the harder it is to return from.
Testing
In the testing stage, the person often starts to seek help as he comes out of depression. He reaches for help in the form of friends and organizations, such as grief counselors and job placement agencies. Support the person in this, but encourage him to do the work himself.
Acceptance
Acceptance is manifested in a return to reality and a semblance of normalcy. A person with a terminal illness often begins to get his affairs in order by drawing up a will and distributing possessions. Those with job losses begin to actively seek employment or make plans to change or boost their careers by further education. Congratulate and rejoice with the person, encouraging him to continue his progress.
