Painful, sensitive teeth are a problem for at least 40 million adults in the United States, according to the Academy of General Dentistry. Sensitive teeth can keep you from eating and drinking normally, and you may have to avoid certain foods and beverages to prevent severe tooth pain. Pain usually improves with treatment, allowing you to resume your normal habits.
Symptoms
If you have sensitive teeth, you may notice sharp tooth pain when you eat or drink, especially hot or cold foods and beverages. Breathing cold air may even cause sudden tooth pain, and you might find that your sensitive teeth hurt when you touch them, according to the Academy of General Dentistry.
Cause
When the enamel that protects your teeth wears down, or the cementum that protects your tooth below the gum line erodes and your gums recede, the underlying dentin is exposed. According to the American Dental Association, the porous dentin allows substances to stimulate the tooth's nerve, causing pain. If you frequently consume acidic foods and beverages, you are more likely to have sensitive teeth. Disorders that cause the teeth to be exposed to stomach acid, such as acid reflux, may also lead to sensitive teeth.
Treatment
Over-the-counter desensitizing toothpastes can reduce sensitivity with regular use, according to the American Dental Association, but your dentist can take steps to ease your pain if toothpaste is not enough. Fluoride gel, sealants or other coatings prescribed for you or applied by your dentist may ease your symptoms, according to the Academy of General Dentistry. If other treatments fail, your dentist may recommend a root canal to stop your pain.
Prevention
Proper oral hygiene--regular brushing, flossing and dental visits--can help prevent decay and pain from sensitive teeth. If you have sensitive teeth, harsh ingredients found in some whitening and tarter-control toothpastes may make the problem worse, according to the Academy of General Dentistry. Opt for a basic fluoride toothpaste or a product recommended by your dentist. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush to clean your teeth, and avoid brushing too hard, which can cause tooth erosion.
Considerations
Cavities and cracked teeth can also cause sensitivity, so you should see your dentist any time you develop tooth pain. Untreated tooth decay can lead to more serious problems, such as infection, tooth loss and broken teeth, according to the Mayo Clinic.
