The balance beam is an apparatus used by females in the sport of gymnastics. Athletes complete turns, leaps, spins, acrobatic elements, and a dismount in this event. The entire routine, including errors, is judged to calculate the score for the event. The balance beam has been part of Olympic gymnastics competitions since 1936. Since then, the beam has evolved to accommodate the ever-increasing level of difficulty athletes attempt during competition.
Structure
The balance beam is a horizontal beam held above the floor by two supports. The sides of the beam are arched, and the corners are slightly rounded. The length of the beam must be straight, with the upper surface even and horizontal. The beam supports — which must be cushioned and placed on the floor or other stable surface — may not protrude beyond the beam.
Dimensions
The balance beam must be 125 cm (49.2 inches) high, from the floor to the top of the beam. Younger and more inexperienced athletes may use a beam as low as 100 cm (39.4 inches). The balance beam should measure 5 m (16 feet) long by 10 cm (4 inches) wide.
Materials
The beam itself is made wood, cushioned by padding and covered in a surface material. The surface material should allow for movement, including gliding and turning, without being slippery or causing skin abrasions. The surface material is most often of a suede or synthetic material. The color of the beam varies, but it must be distinctly different from the mats surrounding it. The most common color is tan.
Mats
Mats are required, and must surround the area around the balance beam. The minimum area to be padded is 7 1/2 feet wide by 18 feet long at one end, 7 1/2 feet wide by 12 feet long at the other end, and 15 feet wide by 15 1/2 feet long under the beam. Mats must be 4 inches thick, and should remain firmly in place throughout competition.
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