A child can learn physical, emotional, language and cognitive skills while participating in play. He learns through first-hand experience throughout his childhood, and practicing his new physical skills is an effective way to fine tune them. It is important to understand physical developmental milestones for your child so you know how to engage him in play and encourage his physical growth and development.
Importance of Play
Play is an essential part of physical growth and development. According to Healthy Children, a child who spends her free times participating in sedentary activities, such as watching television, may have impaired bone growth. Physical growth is helped by exercise, and increased play activity can improve the strength and density of bones.
Babies
Before 3 months of age, a baby may be able to push up on his stomach, raise his head and grasp objects in his hand. By the time he is 6 months old, he will be able to sit alone, put objects into is mouth and reach for a parent. As he approaches one year of age, he will be able to crawl, pull himself up, stand alone and take steps. To encourage his physical development, play at this age can involve dangling toys in front of him that he can hold his head up to look at or reach for. You can also encourage him to crawl or walk toward you or a favorite toy.
Toddlers
Before 18 months of age, a child will be able to walk alone, crawl up stairs, throw a ball, scribble on paper and bang objects together. As she approaches 2 years of age, her physical skills will include running, walking up stairs, kicking a ball and jumping in place. North Dakota State University Agriculture Extension states that repeatedly rolling a ball back and forth with a toddler can help to develop coordination. You can also help her to develop physical skills at this age by providing plenty of safe opportunities for her to run, jump and kick.
Preschoolers and School-Age Children
A preschool-age child, about 3 to 5 years of age, is able to jump over obstacles, cut with scissors, catch a ball and hop on one foot. As he grows older, he will be able to ride a bicycle and string beads. Babycenter recommends 60 minutes of physical activity for a preschooler each day. Physical development of a school-age child happens gradually over time. He will continue to refine his motor skills and increase his coordination. Give him time to actively play in structured and unstructured activities at this age.
Recommendations
North Dakota State University Agriculture Extension recommends providing a variety of activities in order to develop a wide range of physical skills. Motivate your child to participate in physical play activities, and encourage the activities by playing with her. Remember that not every child develops at the same pace, so do not be concerned if your child does not meet every physical milestone on time.
