Onychoschizia is the scientific name for the condition of split or broken nails. Both fingernails and toenails can be affected. Symptoms can include a single horizontal split, or multiple splits at the growing edge of the nail. Onychoschizia can occur together with onychorrhexis, which is length-wise splitting and/or ridging on the nail. The two nail disorders together are called “brittle nail syndrome,” according to the Skinsight website. Nearly 20 percent of the population is affected by broken and split nails; women and older people are most likely to develop problems with their nails.
Water
People most often develop split or broken nails due to frequent wetting and drying of the hands. Constant wetting and drying cause the nails to become brittle, which then can be aggravated by lack of humidity and dry winter air. Those who work as nurses, house cleaners or hair stylists are especially prone to developing problems with their nails. Wearing cotton-lined rubber gloves as much as possible when you must put your hands in water will help protect them. Protect your hands with gloves in winter weather, and wear gloves when doing chores.
Chemicals
Those who must work with acidic or alkaline materials, cement, or salt or sugar solutions also run the risk of developing splitting nails.
Nail Treatments
Common ingredients in nail products such as nail polish and nail polish remover can damage the nails, as can some nail treatments which use harsh chemicals. It is best to limit your use of nail polish remover to no more than twice a month, according to the Mayo Clinic. Avoid nail polish remover containing acetone, which has a drying effect.
Trauma
Injury or trauma to the nail can contribute to split nails. If damage to the nails is unavoidable, keep the nails clipped as short as possible.
Medical Conditions
Certain medical conditions, including malnutrition, tuberculosis, Sjogren syndrome and endocrine system disorders, can affect the nails. Skin diseases like lichen planus and psoriasis may cause nail weakness, as can medications made from vitamin A.
Nail Care
Careless manicure treatment can be a cause of split nails, according to the American Osteopathic College of Dermatology. Nails should be shaped with a fine file, with tips filed in a gentle rounded curve. Daily filing and smoothing of the nail can help prevent any further splitting or breaking. If you buff your nails, do it in the direction the nail grows, since buffing crosswise can weaken the nail.
Member Comments