Related to the American blueberry, bilberry, or Vaccinium myrtillus, is a perennial bush that grows in many parts of the world, although it was originally a European native. According to the Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine, bilberry is valuable as a food source, as well as an herbal remedy. Since the FDA does not regulate the sale or production of bilberry as an herbal supplement, contact your doctor for advice before treating any ailment with his herb.
History
Centuries ago, European healers used the fruit of the bilberry shrub to treat digestive problems and to prevent scurvy and kidney stones. During the World War II, fighter pilots ate bilberry jam to enhance their night vision, reports the Gale encyclopedia. Today, bilberry is still in use for treating sight problems. Clinical studies confirming the traditional benefits of bilberry are lacking.
Plant Features
A small shrub, bilberry reaches two feet in height, according to "The PDR for Herbal Medicines," featuring branches that bear clusters of small pink or red flowers in the spring that make way for summertime berries. The berries resemble blueberries, dark and purple in color and of approximately the same size. The shrub prefers acidic soil and damp areas, such as marshes, bogs and swamps.
Constituents
Bilberry contains antioxidant properties, in the form of plant pigment or anthocyanosides, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. The berries are also a source of vitamin C and astringent tannins.
Uses
Improving vision tops the list of uses for taking bilberry, despite the fact that clinical studies do not support the claims, the Center reports. In addition to night vision, treatment of cataracts and retinopathy are common reasons for buying the supplement. Bilberry may control blood sugar levels in diabetics and increase blood flow to keep arteries free from the development of artery-clogging plaque. Consult your doctor before using bilberry to treat any medical condition.
Dosage
Available in health food stores in capsules, extracts, tea or as dried berries, the Gale encyclopedia suggests taking up to 160mg of bilberry’s active constituents, three times per day. Taking bilberry in combination with vitamins C, A and E, may increase the health benefits of bilberry, according to Gale.
Considerations
Bilberries are generally safe and large quantities of berries may be consumed without ill effects. Bilberry leaves, however, are toxic and should be avoided. See an eye doctor for advice before using bilberry to treat vision problem.
References
- “Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine, Volume 1”; Jacqueline L. Longe; 2005
- “PDR for Herbal Medicines, 2nd Edition”; Joerg Gruenwald, PhD, 2000
- University of Maryland Medical Center: Bilberry
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