Arteries are a type of blood vessel that carry oxygen and nutrients from the heart throughout the body. The regular occurrence of blocked arteries is often diagnosed as arteriosclerosis or atherosclerosis. Specifically, atherosclerosis is a type of arteriosclerosis characterized by the buildup of fat in the artery walls. Fat can build up in the arteries causing blockages. Over time, pressure can build up in the arteries restricting blood flow. Without treatment, arteries can become blocked for prolonged periods of time negatively affecting the circulatory system.
Medications
Cholesterol medications are prescribed to help reduce low density lipoprotein, or LDL, levels by removing deposits that have accumulated in the arteries. Similarly, medications can be prescribed to increase high density lipoprotein, or HDL, levels. Statins and fibrates are two class of drugs used to balance LDL and HDL levels.
In some cases, a physician may recommend that a patient take anti-platelet medications to prevent platelets from accumulating and causing blood clots. Aspirin is a commonly available anti-platelet medication. Blood clots may cause severe blockage creating the need for some patients to take anti-coagulants. Heparin and warfarin are commonly prescribed anti-coagulants that thin the blood and prevent the development of blood clots.
Diet and Exercise
MayoClinic.com advises patients to maintain a healthy diet and consistent exercise plan. Eating a diet of healthy foods and exercising on most days can reduce buildup in the arteries and help blood vessels to pump blood more efficiently. A patient should eat a diet composed of fresh fruits and vegetables, lean proteins and whole grains. Avoiding foods that are high in fat or cholesterol can prevent a buildup in the arteries which can cause a blockage. Patients with high blood pressure or who have experienced blocked arteries should limit alcohol consumption to two drinks per day, advises the University of Maryland Medical Center. A patient should aim to exercise between 30 to 60 minutes per day. The exercise doesn’t have to occur at one time; it can be split up into 10- to 15-minute increments.
Stress Management
Additionally, keeping a relatively low stress level can reduce the pressure placed on the cardiovascular system, reducing the restriction of blood vessels. Engaging in activities such as deep breathing, yoga, meditation or progressive muscle relaxation are all effective methods in managing and reducing stress.
