Heparin is a blood thinner that prevents the formation of blood clots, according to Medline Plus. In people who already have clots in blood vessels, this drug may be prescribed for preventing the clots from growing further. The medicine comes as a liquid and is either injected into a vein or deeply under the skin into a catheter (a small plastic tube through which drugs are administered) that has been inserted into a vein. Heparin should be used exactly as directed by a physician. According to Medline Plus, complications from heparin can be excessive bleeding, allergic reactions and osteoporosis.
Excessive Bleeding
Excessive bleeding can be in the form of unusual bruising or bleeding, brown or bloody vomit, black or red stools, blood in urine, excessive bleeding from cuts, bleeding from gums while brushing or flossing, heavy menstrual bleeding, unexplained vaginal bleeding, nose bleeds, and coughing up blood, according to Medline Plus.
Allergic Reactions
Allergic reactions to heparin can be in the form of skin conditions such as rashes, hives, itching, and purple or black discoloration, according to Medline Plus. It may also lead to swelling in the mouth, face, lips, or tongue. Respiratory allergic conditions may include chest pain or pressure, a feeling that the chest is being squeezed, wheezing, shortness of breath, difficulty in breathing, and hoarseness. Medline Plus also notes that heparin may also cause sudden fainting or severe headaches, excessive sweating, and nausea or vomiting. It may also cause abnormal sensations such as numbness or weakness in the face, arm, or leg, mostly on one side of the body
Osteoporosis
The risk of osteoporosis increases in patients who are prescribed heparin, Medline Plus states. Osteoporosis is a condition in which the bones tend to become weak and break easily. People suffering from osteoporosis are prone to getting fractures, due to the thinning and weakening of the bones. The chances of developing this bone condition are increased for people who take heparin on a long-term basis.
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