According to Drugs.com, Janumet is an oral, prescription medication that is a combination of sitagliptin and metformin and is indicated for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. These two medications work together to help patients regulate their blood sugar. Metformin decreases the amount of stored sugar that the liver releases, and sitagliptin increases blood levels of an enzyme that stimulates insulin production in the pancreas. Patients need to be aware, however, that both of these drugs can cause unwanted side effects.
Lactic Acidosis
Metformin may cause lactic acidosis, which is a serious condition that stems from the accumulation of lactic acid in the blood and body tissues, according to Drugs.com. The likelihood that this side effect will occur is higher in patients who consume excessive amounts of alcohol or have kidney or liver problems. Symptoms of lactic acidosis include stomach discomfort, decreased appetite, diarrhea, fast, shallow breathing, muscle pain and unusual weakness. Patients who experience these symptoms should stop taking Janumet, and seek emergency medical treatment.
Hypoglycemia
Taking Janumet may lead to hypoglycemia, which is low blood sugar, says Drugs.com. Symptoms include anxiety, blurred vision, cold sweats, confusion, difficulty thinking, excessive hunger and rapid heartbeat. Patients should respond quickly to these symptoms by consuming glucose tablets, honey, or corn syrup before seizures or fainting occur. If the patient does lose consciousness or goes into seizures, a family member or health care professional should administer an injection of the hormone glucagon, which increases blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis
According to the Mayo Clinic, Janumet therapy may cause pancreatitis which is inflammation of the pancreas that can lead to breathing problems or kidney failure. Patients who develop sudden and severe stomach pain, chills, constipation, nausea, vomiting, fever or lightheadedness should stop taking Janumet and consult their doctor right away.
Anaphylaxis
Patients who take Janumet may experience anaphylaxis, which is a potentially life-threatening allergic reaction, says the Mayo Clinic. Symptoms include rash, itching, blistering of the skin, fever or chills, trouble breathing or swallowing, and swelling of the hands, face or mouth. An anaphylactic reaction requires prompt medical intervention.
Drug Interactions
According to the PDRhealth website, Janumet may interact with other medications that the patient might be taking. This interaction could cause problems because it may alter the way that the patient responds to Janumet or the other medications. Drugs such as calcium channel blockers, corticosteroids, digoxin, diuretics, estrogen, oral contraceptives and nifedipine should not be combined with Janumet without the approval of the patient's doctor.
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