Ataxic cerebral palsy is one of the rarer forms of the disease. It accounts for approximately 5 percent to 10 percent of the cases of cerebral palsy. It has no single cause, but usually is attributed to brain damage that occurs during pregnancy, or during or shortly after delivery.
Damage to the Cerebellum
Damage to the cerebellum can occur during the development of the brain before a child is born. Bleeding caused by mini strokes has been deemed a factor in abnormal brain development, especially for mothers who experience hypertension during pregnancy. In addition, stress or damage that occurs during the birthing process or shortly after can result in lack of oxygen to the brain.
Affects on the Individual
People with ataxic cerebral palsy usually will have a poor sense of balance, low muscle tone and limited coordination. They may be unsteady and shaky on their feet. The condition usually affects all four limbs as well as the trunk of the body. Due to the lack of muscle tone, reaching for objects will cause slight to moderate tremors.
Walking and Other Movements
People with ataxic cerebral palsy walk with a wider than normal gate. This is a way of counterbalancing and stabilizing themselves while they are walking. One of the most noticeable factors of ataxic CP is tremors. Precise, quick and intricate movements will cause "intention" tremors to appear. The tremors are also known to get worse if a voluntary movement is attempted.
Treatments
There are no known lasting treatments for ataxic CP at this time. Botox (botulinum toxin A) has been effective in relaxing the muscles in the hand, head and throat, and eliminating some of the symptoms or at least reducing them. Benzodiazepine and primidone also have proved effective in reducing symptoms. The best and primary treatment for ataxic CP is physical therapy. Constantly manipulating the muscles will prevent them from atrophying and becoming stiff.
Nutrition
Because of the difficulty in feeding themselves, many people with ataxic CP get discouraged, and do not eat as they should. Providing the appropriate utensils, such as larger, easier to grip forks and spoons, will help them to be self-sufficient.
Protein shakes and other easy-to-eat foods will ensure that adequate nutrients are received and assimilated by the body. Liquid vitamins and minerals can be added to milkshakes to add nutrients that may not be consumed otherwise.
