Evening primrose, or Oenothera biennis, is a North American native biennial plant. Evening primrose oil (EPO) comes from the seeds that are rich in omega-6 fatty acid called gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. This omega-6 fatty acid has anti-inflammatory properties that can be beneficial to your health.
Anti-Inflammatory Action
EPO has anti-inflammatory action by controlling the release of leukotrienes that cause the immune system to attack the body. GLA in evening primrose oil is converted into dihomo-gamma-linoleic acid (DGLA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), which is the one of the components of fish oil and flaxseed supplements. Because of this property, EPO suppresses acute and chronic inflammation, which may be useful if you have rheumatoid arthritis. The GLA has been shown to be beneficial for skin reactions like eczema and hives because of this anti-inflammatory action.
Women's Issues
The omega-6 fatty acids in EPO have been shown to be helpful with premenstrual syndrome. According to University of Maryland Medical Center, EPO is useful to ease mood swings, bloating and breast tenderness. EPO is officially licensed for the treatment of breast pain in the United Kingdom, and is a first-line treatment in other European countries. However, in the United States, although it was found effective at decreasing breast pain in several clinical studies, other studies showed no benefit.
Diabetic Neuropathy
Diabetics often develop a nerve condition with symptoms of tingling, pain, numbness and lack of sensation in the legs and feet. EPO has been show to relieve symptoms of diabetic neuropathy, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center.
Possible Other Uses
EPO may be beneficial for other conditions that have not been proven by science. These other conditions include breast cancer and cysts, osteoporosis, heart disease and pregnancy-induced high blood pressure, as listed by the University of Maryland Medical Center.
Taking EPO
Recommended doses of EPO range from 2 to 8 g in capsule form with a concentration of eight percent. Some conditions may call for a higher dose, but you should contact your healthcare provider before making that decision.
References
- Evening Primrose Oil
- "Encyclopedia of Dietary Supplements"; Paul M Coates; 2005
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