The philosophy and diet of macrobiotics were developed by a Japanese philosopher named George Oshawa. He began teaching his philosophy in the 1930s and brought it to the United States in the 1960s. The term "macrobiotics" encompasses a holistic lifestyle intended to promote health and longevity. Although there is no research to support the claims, proponents of the macrobiotic diet believe following it will improve one's health and increase happiness. The American Cancer Society reports that the diet is currently being studied for its possible role in cancer prevention.
History
According to the American Cancer Society, the core of Oshawa's teaching was the concept of yin and yang. Proponents of the macrobiotic diet say yin and yang must be kept in balance to achieve good health. The Cancer Society says the diet is considered to be a way of life. It incorporates components of Buddhism with dietary principles designed to avoid toxins. Early variations of the diets were quite restrictive; modern proponents of the macrobiotic lifestyle allow for more flexibility.
Diet Basics
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center defines the macrobiotic diet as 50 to 60 percent whole grains--ideally organically grown--25 to 30 percent locally grown and organic fruits and vegetables and five to ten percent soups made with beans, seaweed, vegetables, grains and miso. The Cancer Society reports that some versions of the diet allow for occasional servings of white fish, nuts, seeds, pickles, Asian condiments and some teas. Dairy, eggs, coffee, sugar, red meat, poultry and processed foods are always discouraged.
Recommended Foods
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center provides a list of recommended foods. Grains to be used most often are barley, brown rice, buckwheat, corn, millet, oats, rye, wheat and other whole cereal grains. Suggested vegetables include acorn squash, bok choy, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, butternut squash, carrots, cauliflower, chives, dandelion roots and greens, green and Chinese cabbage, kale, leeks, parsley, parsnips, pumpkin, radishes, rutabagas, scallions, turnips and watercress. Encouraged beans include chick peas, green or brown lentils, tofu, miso, Aduki beans and natto. The Cancer Society also suggests consuming locally grown organic fruits.
Foods to Avoid
According to the theory of macrobiotics, some fruits, vegetables and grains should be avoided because they are extremely yin or extremely yang. Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and the American Cancer Society also provide a list of these foods. Grains to be avoided are anything made with yeast and baked goods containing dairy, white flour and refined cereals. It is recommended to avoid asparagus, avocado, eggplant, fennel, green peppers, plantains, potatoes, red peppers, spinach, sweet potatoes, tomatoes, yams and zucchini. Tropical fruits and juices are also discouraged.
Other Components
Some additional components are involved when following a macrobiotic lifestyle. Beth Israel Medical Center reports that vitamin and mineral supplements are not recommended. They also state using microwaves or any electricity to cook foods is discouraged. The Cancer Society adds that pots, pans and utensils should only be made of glass, ceramic, wood, stainless steel or enameled pieces. Food should be chewed until it is fluid to aid in digestion. Allowed foods can vary based on age, sex, level of physical activity and climate.
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