The hot tub is a common amenity in fitness centers, pools, and many homes. Hot tubs are used by many people for their role in both recreation and health. Commonly thought of as a luxury, the hot tub may offer some unique therapeutic benefits.
History
The hot tub has a long history dating back to ancient Egypt. The first hot tubs were built around natural hot springs, many of which still exist today. The city of Bath, England has preserved an elaborate system of hot baths, built by the Roman Empire. With the invention of water heaters, hot tubs became much more accessible to the public and could be built anywhere. In 1956, the water jet function was introduced to the hot tub by the Jacuzzi brothers.
Effects
Hot tubs affect the body in a number of ways. Immersion in hot water causes vasodilatation, the widening of blood vessels. With less restriction to blood flow, hot tubs cause in increase in circulation. Hot tubs also cause in increase in perspiration as the body attempts to cool itself. Hot tubs with a water jet feature can have a massaging effect on the muscles.
Benefits
One of the more common reasons people use hot tubs is for their effect on stress. Hot water, especially combined with a whirlpool bath, relieves tension and has a relaxing effect. The national Strength and Conditioning Association recognizes the hot tub’s role in injury management and prevention, which is why most athletic training facilities have hot tubs.
Potential
Although not yet proved, the hot tub may have a positive effect on people with diabetes. A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that diabetic subjects who used a hot tub six days per week for three weeks showed significant reductions in blood sugar and bodyweight. The authors of the study believe the combination of increased circulation with higher body temperature was the primary reason for the change.
Warning
Although hot tubs offer therapeutic effects, exposure to hot water does pose potential risks. Prolonged exposure to heat can leave the body fatigued. A hot tub may have detrimental effects if used prior to exercise or athletic performance. Heat causes perspiration, which can dehydrate the body. It’s important to drink plenty of water prior to, during and after using the hot tub. Anyone with numbness in the extremities may unknowingly suffer burns if the temperature of the water is too hot.
References
- Jacuzzi Hot Tubs: Jacuzzi History
- "Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning - 3rd Edition"; National Strength and Conditioning Association; 2008
- Romanbaths.co.uk: Walkthrough
- DIabetes Health: Hot Tub Therapy For People With Diabetes
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