Chantix, generically known as varenicline, is a prescription drug used for smoking cessation in adults older than 18. Chantix enters the brain and prevents nicotine from binding to the nicotine receptors, thereby decreasing the effects of nicotine. Chantix also activates and releases a small amount of a chemical called dopamine which results in a decrease in cravings and withdrawal symptoms. Chantix carries a risk of side effects, some of which may be unpleasant.
Common Side Effects
Chantix produces many side effects related to the central nervous system. The “Drug Information Handbook” states that the medication may produce insomnia and headache in about 19 percent of individuals. Patients may experience abnormal dreams, a side effect that has been reported in about 9 to 13 percent of users.
Gastrointestinal side effects are seen with Chantix as well. Nausea is the most common and is seen in up to 40 percent of individuals, usually more often in higher doses of the drug. Dry mouth, vomiting and regurgitation may also occur. The patient may take the medication with a full glass of water and food to avoid these adverse effects. Flatulence, abdominal pain and constipation are experienced by about 7 percent of individuals. Regular physical activity and eating light meals are recommended to help with these unwanted effects. If any side effect worsens or becomes severe, the patient should seek medical attention right away.
Mental Health
Chantix carries a U.S. Food and Drug Administration-issued black box warning as of July 1, 2009. According to Chantix.com, some individuals might be at risk for developing a serious adverse event, such as serious changes in behavior and mood. These changes may include hostility, agitation, depression and suicidal thoughts or actions. Anxiety, panic, aggression, anger, confusion and hallucinations may develop as well. The patient or a family member should report any of these symptoms to a physician. Patients who have a history of depression or other mental health problems may experience a worsening of symptoms during therapy.
Kidney Dysfunction
Chantix is eliminated from the body via the kidneys. Patients who have renal dysfunction may require a lower dose. The physician may decide what dose is appropriate; the patient should keep all physician appointments to ensure careful monitoring. Patients on hemodialysis should not exceed 0.5 mg of Chantix once daily rather than the usual dose of 0.5 mg twice daily.
Chantix and Nicotine
Chantix does not contain nicotine and the patient may smoke during the first week of using the drug. The patient must discontinue smoking after the initial week, however, and avoid using nicotine replacement therapy. The risk of developing adverse effects is higher when Chantix is used along with nicotine replacement therapy, explains the “Drug Information Handbook.”
Contraindication
Chantix should not be given to patients who are allergic to the drug or any of its components. Allergic reactions include rash, itchiness and redness. Serious reaction may be characterized by difficulty breathing or swelling in the face, mouth and throat. Skin that develops blisters or begins to peel may also be a sign of a serious allergic reaction. If a patient experiences an allergic reaction, he should immediately stop the drug and seek emergency medical care.
References
- "Drug Information Handbook"; Charles F. Lacy, Lora L. Armstrong, et al.; 2009
- Chantix.com: Important Safety Information and Possible Side Effects
Member Comments