According to 2010 information from the National Institute of Mental Health, major depressive disorder is the leading cause of disability in the United States for people 15 to 44 years old. People who believe they may have this condition should talk to a doctor or a mental health professional.
Causes
Although the exact cause of major depression isn’t known, a number of factors may play a role. These include alcohol or drug abuse, genetics, stressful life events or situations, medical conditions and sleep disorders.
Symptoms
Symptoms of major depression often include extreme difficulty concentrating, fatigue, lack of energy, inactivity, withdrawal, loss of interest in pleasurable activities, feelings of worthlessness or inappropriate guilt, changes in appetite or sleep patterns, agitation, irritability, restlessness and thoughts of death or suicide.
Diagnosis
Doctors only make a diagnosis of major depression if the person reports experiencing five or more symptoms of depression for at least two weeks. Doctors also must rule out other medical conditions before making the diagnosis.
Medications
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic or tetracyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, bupropion and occasionally antipsychotic medications treat major depression.
Counseling
Many people with major depression benefit from talk therapy. This may include cognitive behavioral therapy, psychotherapy, family counseling or support groups.
Warning
All thoughts of suicide or comments about suicide should be taken seriously. People experiencing suicidal thoughts should call 911, or contact their doctor or a mental health professional immediately.
