Children with special health care needs can cause a drain on your family's resources. Many people in this situation are unable to work because their children need full-time assistance. Also, medical and adaptive equipment costs can drain your bank account. Programs such as Social Security can help, but Social Security benefits for children with special health care needs can be difficult to understand.
Supplemental Security Income
Supplemental Security Income, or SSI, assists families and caregivers in financially supporting a disabled child. SSI eligibility is based on household income and assets. Monthly payments are made to the representative payee, usually the parent or other direct-care provider, and must be used to provide food, shelter, medical and other necessities for the child with special health care needs.
Social Security Disability Insurance
Social Security Disability Insurance, or SSDI, is based on years worked and money paid into the Social Security program. Children who are older than 18 years of age but unable to support themselves because of a disability may be eligible for SSDI payments under their parents' Social Security, provided the parents meet eligibility requirements.
Medical
Most children who qualify for SSI also qualify for Medicaid. Medicaid is state run, so rules for eligibility vary. In some states, children who qualify for SSI automatically receive Medicaid. Contact your local Social Security Administration office for more information on your state's Medicaid rules.
Medicare is a federal program for individuals over the age of 65 and those who have qualified for SSDI for at least two years. However, certain medical conditions, such as kidney failure, may extend Medicare coverage to a child with special health care needs.
Application Process
Kits are available online from the Social Security Administration; however, you will still need to visit your local SSA office to complete the application process. Bring contact information for all doctors who treat your child and for the school district. If you have written documentation of your child's diagnosis, diagnostic tests or school assessment tests, bring those as well. You will also need income information for all members of the household.
It can take months for a decision to be made. During that time, if your child has one of several severe disabilities, it is possible that you may qualify for a benefits advance--but if your claim is denied you will have to repay that advance. If your claim is denied, you have the right to appeal.
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