Acid reflux comes about when the esophageal sphincter, which lies between the esophagus and the stomach, weakens and allows acid contents to rise back up from the stomach into the esophagus and throat. It causes a burning sensation in the chest and throat, and may result in a bitter taste in the back of the mouth. The acid reflux action results in the heartburn sensation, Medical News Today explains. Triggers can increase the frequency of acid reflux and heartburn.
Diet
Eating large meals can trigger acid reflux because the stomach has so much to digest that stomach acid contents have more of a chance of backing up. People who lie down or bend over shortly after eating can get heartburn. Certain foods may increase the frequency of acid reflux, according to MedlinePlus, and may include fatty and spicy foods, citrus fruits, chocolate, tomato products, garlic, onions, vinegar, caffeine, carbonated drinks or alcohol. However, some people are vulnerable to particular foods and have to note which ones cause their acid reflux in order to reduce heartburn.
Health Conditions
Obesity or being overweight increases episodes of acid reflux, FamilyDoctor.org notes. The excess weight can put pressure on the abdomen and push acid contents into the esophagus. Pregnancy also increases acid reflux action, but the symptoms usually disappear following delivery. Hiatal hernia, in which the upper part of the stomach pushes upward into the chest, can cause more acid reflux episodes. Some people with asthma suffer from acid reflux problems because of frequent coughing and sneezing from asthmatic attacks. Other people have a condition called gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, that results in chronic acid reflux because the esophageal sphincter is permanently damaged. Medication usually treats the disorder. Smoking increases acid reflux action because chemicals in cigarettes weaken the esophageal valve.
Medicine
Acid reflux may result from medication, including aspirin and ibuprofen, FamilyDoctor.org points out. Prescription medications also trigger acid reflux. Beta-blockers used for high blood pressure or heart disease, and calcium channel blockers for high blood pressure may cause heartburn. Bronchodilators used by asthmatics may cause acid reflux. Certain medications for insomnia, anxiety and depression may cause heartburn. Dopamine used for Parkinson’s disease, and progestin medication for abnormal menstrual bleeding and birth control may cause problems. MedlinePlus advises people not to stop taking medication if they suspect it is causing acid reflux. They should check with their doctors.
