MS, or multiple sclerosis, is a medical condition in which the body’s immune system attacks myelin, or the fatty protective covering over the nerves. MS affects women more than men, most commonly between the ages of 20 to 40, states MedlinePlus. MS is a progressive disease, which gets worse over time, though the rate in which MS worsens varies from patient to patient. Early treatment with corticosteroids can slow the progression of the disease and reduce MS symptoms, though side effects are possible.
Increased Infections
Corticosteroids are strong anti-inflammatory medications. They are beneficial in MS because they reduce the attack of the body’s immune system on myelin. However, a suppressed immune system can increase the risk of infection. Furthermore, once a patient gets an infection, it may be more difficult to treat due to the compromised immune system. Patients should seek medical attention if they begin to experience a sore throat, fever, sneezing, coughing, chills or night sweats. In addition, they can take the proper precautions to prevent infections, including avoiding sick people, washing hands frequently, participating in regular exercise and eating a balanced diet.
Fluid Retention
Corticosteroids may cause fluid retention, states MayoClinic.com. This occurs because corticosteroids affect the kidney and adrenal glands, organs that control water balance in the body. Specifically, corticosteroid therapy may cause the kidney and adrenal glands to increase retention of water in the body, which can lead to swelling in the lower legs. Patients should let their doctors know that they are experiencing fluid retention. Doctors may prescribe a different medication for MS, prescribe compression stocking to reduce fluid retention or prescribe a medication that can improve the balance of fluids in the body.
Weight Gain
Over the long term, corticosteroids may cause weight gain, states MayoClinic.com. This occurs because corticosteroids affect the adrenal and pituitary gland, and may cause Cushing’s syndrome, characterized by a fatty hump between the shoulders, a rounded face, stretch marks and weight gain. Early treatment improves the chance of recovery from Cushing’s syndrome. It is important that patients immediately let their doctors know if they begin to experience any of these symptoms.
