A rock climbing rope is made of a tough, nylon core-and-sheath construction that stretches to help absorb the shock of a fall. Rock climbers use such ropes in many applications, from haul lines to extending an anchor set-up over a cliff’s edge. But the primary use for rock climbing rope is supporting, or belaying, a climbing partner so that if he falls, he won’t hit the ground.
Two types of belaying are used: Lead climbing, where the climber and the rope all start at the bottom of the crag, or top-roping, where the rope is already attached to a high point.
Step 1
Inspect your rope before each use. Spread a tarp or rope bag out to protect it from the dirt, then run the rope between your thumb and forefinger from one end to the other, feeling for any inconsistencies in the rope. Stiff, lumpy or squishy places should be addressed. Stack the rope on the rope bag or tarp, one coil on top of another, as you feed it through your hands.
Step 2
Have your climbing partner tie the free end of the rope, from the top coil in the stack, to the tie-in points on his harness with a figure eight or bowline knot.
Step 3
Grasp the rope several yards away from your climber. Feed the rope through your belay device. Clip the belay device to your harness with a locking carabiner. With some belay devices, you'll feed the rope through the device only. Other devices require you to feed the rope through your belay carabiner, too.
Step 4
Double-check that your climber’s harness is on securely and properly, and that he’s tied into the rope correctly. He should double-check that the rope runs through your belay device correctly, and that the locking sleeve on the belay carabiner is screwed shut.
Step 5
Belay your climber as he moves up the rock. Feed out enough slack so he can move freely and clip the rope into protection periodically as he climbs, but not so much that he’ll hit the ground, ledges or any other obstacles if he falls. Belaying is an in-depth skill that requires the experience and knowledge to constantly evaluate multiple factors and respond quickly to changes. If you don’t know how to belay, take a lesson and practice intensely before taking on the responsibility of keeping a climber safe.
Step 6
Respond to signals and commands from your climber as he completes the climb. Either you will lower him or he will rappel down, which should be agreed upon in advance.
Step 7
Coil the rope neatly over your shoulders once it’s no longer needed.
Tips and Warnings
- Never step on the rope, or allow anyone else to. This can grind dirt and other abrasive materials into the rope fibers, weakening it. Never climb on a rope that’s been punctured by crampon or ice ax points. If you can’t avoid using the rope, cut away the damaged portion or isolate it with a knot. Store your rope away from battery acid and other corrosive chemicals, direct sunlight and excessive dirt, all of which can weaken the rope fibers. Always dry your rope fully before storage, and keep it in a breathable bag or rope tarp to keep moisture from accumulating when it’s not being used.
- Rock climbing is a dangerous sport. Climb with an instructor or experienced climber who can supervise you until you’re sure of your skills and ability.
Things You'll Need
- Climbing rope
- Climbing harness
- Belay device
- Locking carabiner
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