Chemotherapy is a drug treatment that uses different chemicals to stop the fast-growing cancer cells from multiplying. According to the National Cancer Institute, chemotherapy can be used to destroy cancer cells, stop them from spreading, and slow down their growth. Different chemotherapy drugs are available and can either be used alone or in combination with other treatments. According to Medline Plus, although chemotherapy controls the growth of cancer cells, it can also harm the healthy cells of the body, which is why risks are associated with this treatment.
Hair Loss and Problems With Eating
According to MayoClinic.com, the side-effects of chemotherapy can vary depending on the drug. However, the most common side-effects of this treatment include excessive hair loss, where the individual may develop bald patches on the scalp.
The National Cancer Institute states that a patient on chemotherapy may experience some loss of appetite, constipation, nausea and diarrhea. This is due to the effect of the chemotherapy drugs which may cause damage to the digestive tract.
Anemia and Bleeding
According to MayoClinic.com, a risk of chemotherapy can be anemia, a condition where the body has a reduced number of red blood cells. Oxygen is transported around the body by red blood cells, so anemia may lead to pain, dizziness or faintness, shortness of breath, weakness and tiredness, and a faster heartbeat. A low white blood cell count may occur which increases the risk of infection in an individual. Due to low platelet count, bleeding or bruising may also occur. The individual may develop rashes or the skin and the mouth may feel dry.
Kidney Failure and Nerve Changes
Long-lasting or late-developing risks of undergoing chemotherapy include kidney failure and nerve changes. These side-effects may develop after months or even years of treatment. Kidney problems may also occur in persons who have undergone chemotherapy. Peripheral neuropathy or nerve changes may also occur as a side-effect. An individual with nerve changes may experience tingling or burning sensations, pain during walking, movement problems such as trouble in holding or picking things, and hearing problems.
Lung tissues may also be damaged and the individual may develop heart problems.
Memory Loss and Behavior Changes
Memory changes may occur, and an individual may experience difficulty thinking or remembering things. Behavior changes can present, where the person may feel sad, depressed and confused.
