Social anxiety, also called social phobia, and depression often co-exist with each other. People who suffer from social anxiety may have fears of being in public places or crowds. The may avoid situations where they think people are judging them to the point that it interferes with their lives. Depression brings on feelings of sadness and hopelessness along with a loss of energy and social withdrawal. Medication can treat both disorders with the help of psychotherapy.
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, known as SSRIs, are among the antidepressants that help alter brain chemistry. The brain reabsorbs serotonin, a neurotransmitter involved in emotions, after the chemical performs a function. SSRIs block the absorption so that more serotonin remains, improving moods for patients, according to the Anxiety Disorders Association of America. SSRIs for depression and social anxiety include sertraline, fluoxetine, citalopram, escitalopram and paroxetine. SSRIs generally have fewer side effects than other types of antidepressants. However, they may produce nervousness or nausea when first taken. These effects soon wear off. Sexual dysfunction may occur, but readjusting the dosage or switching medications can help that.
Dual Inhibitors
Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, or SNRIs, block the brain’s absorption of both serotonin and norepinephine, an adrenal hormone. The drug venlafaxine works for social anxiety and depression, according to MayoClinic.com. High doses of the medication may lead to dizziness and increased sweating. Some patients may experience side effects that include upset stomach, headache, insomnia and sexual dysfunction. But changing dosage or medication may correct the problems.
Tricyclics
Tricyclic antidepressants for depression also work for social anxiety. Patients are given low doses that are gradually increased until a beneficial effect is reached. Antidepressants for social anxiety and depression may include imipramine and amitriptyline. Side effects may include drowsiness, dizziness, dry mouth and weight gain. Dosage readjustment or changing to another tricyclic can usually reduce or eliminate the symptoms.
MAOIs
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors, or MAOIs, are an older class of antidepressants and have serious side effects. They cannot be used with certain foods, cold and allergy medicine, birth control pills and pain relievers, which can cause changes in blood pressure or heart rhythm, confusion, seizures and other life-threatening conditions, according to the National Institute of Mental Health. However, certain people need particular medication and may benefit from MAOIs as long as they are taken correctly. Isocarboxazid, tranylcypromine and phenelzine benefit some patients with anxiety and depression.
Anti-anxiety Drugs
Anti-anxiety medication, such as benzodiazepines, helps reduce anxiety levels in people with social phobia. Medications may include alprazolam, clonazepam or lorazepam. Anti-anxiety medication is sometimes used in combination with antidepressants for depression. Doctors often prescribe different medications or combinations until the right medication or dosage produces the beneficial effects desired for the patient.
