Trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole, sometimes abbreviated trimeth-sulfa, are a combination of prescription drugs used to treat certain types of bacterial infections, such as urinary or ear infections. This antibiotic works by destroying bacteria and preventing it from spreading to other parts of the body. People should review trimeth-sulfa side effects with a pharmacist before beginning treatment with this antibiotic.
Upset Stomach
An upset stomach is the primary side effect associated with trimeth-sulfa treatment, according to medical professionals with RxList. Affected people can experience nausea or vomiting, which can contribute to a temporary loss of appetite. Additionally, use of this medication can irritate the intestinal tract, leading to diarrhea. Frequent bowel movement urges can occur in conjunction with abdominal discomfort, cramping or bloating. People can avoid developing an upset stomach by ensuring that trimeth-sulfa is not taken on an empty stomach.
Skin Rash
While taking trimeth-sulfa, people can develop an unusual, irritated skin rash across their bodies. The affected skin region can appear dry or may begin to itch. People who develop peeling or blistering skin reactions while taking trimeth-sulfa should consult a doctor as soon as possible, advises Drugs.com. These skin rash side effects can indicate a severe reaction to this antibiotic.
Dizziness, Headache or Fatigue
Trimeth-sulfa can cause side effects of dizziness, headache or fatigue in treated people, explain medical professionals with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. These side effects are typically mild and progressively subside with continued use of trimeth-sulfa. If headache symptoms are uncomfortable, affected people can taken an over-the-counter pain medication, such as acetaminophen, to relieve this side effect. People who experience episodes of dizziness while taking trimeth-sulfa should not walk around or drive until such sensations resolve.
Oral or Vaginal Thrush
Use of this antibiotic can destroy pathogenic and naturally-occurring bacteria within the body. Imbalanced levels of bacteria in a person's body can cause the overgrowth of a particular fungus called Candida albicans. High levels of this fungus within the mouth or vaginal region can result in an infection called thrush or a yeast infection. Side effects of an oral yeast infection include white, fuzzy skin lesions in the mouth that can be painful, explains PDRhealth.com. Side effects of a vaginal yeast infection can include thick, white vaginal discharge and severe vaginal itching. People who develop oral or vaginal thrush symptoms while taking trimeth-sulfa should seek additional medical care. An antifungal medication is typically necessary to resolve thrush symptoms in affected people.
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