Nicotine is an addictive substance found in products that may be smoked or chewed. Nicotine increases the release of dopamine within the brain, producing temporary pleasure. Nicotine gum is commonly used for smoking cessation to reduce withdrawal symptoms by providing an alternate source of nicotine. It can also act as an oral distraction. Like chewing gum, nicotine gum is chewed but should not be swallowed. Dosing may be adjusted based on nicotine use and the occurrence of cravings. Before using nicotine gum, contact your health-care provider and carefully follow the instructions on the package.
Cardiovascular
Nicotine gum may produce negative cardiovascular effects, such as increases in heart rate and blood pressure. If you have coronary artery disease, you also may be at risk for coronary artery vasoconstriction, which can rarely lead to angina or myocardial infarction. However, according to Drugs.com, the incidence of these adverse effects may not differ when compared to nicotine obtained from smoking or chewing tobacco.
Gastrointestinal
Nicotine gum may also affect your gastrointestinal system. These side effects may include nausea, diarrhea, increased salivation, dyspepsia or hiccups. You may also experience an unpleasant taste or tingling sensation while chewing the gum.
Musculoskeletal
Nicotine gum may also effect your musculoskeletal system by causing generalized muscle or joint pain. Most commonly, you may experience jaw pain while chewing the gum.
Nervous System
Nicotine in anti-smoking gum may also affect your body's nervous system. Mild side effects may include lightheadedness, headache, sleep disturbances, irritability, dizziness and tremors. You may also experience abnormal dreams, which are often vivid and intense.
Severe Allergic Reactions
Similar to other nicotine products, there is always a risk of developing an allergic reaction related to active or inactive ingredients within nicotine gum. Contact your health-care provider if you develop a rash, hives, difficulty breathing or swelling of the mouth, face, lips or tongue.
