Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis, or LASIK, is a surgical procedure performed on the eye with the goal of correcting vision problems entirely or reducing dependency on contacts or eyeglasses. The process goes like this: A laser or blade cuts a flap in the cornea; the flap is then folded back, allowing the surgeon to reshape the eye; then, the flap is replaced. Over half a million Americans undergo LASIK surgery every year, and according to the American Academy of Ophthalmology, most are happy with the results. However, less than one percent of persons who have LASIK report eye problems after the surgery, but those problems can range in severity.
Over- or Undercorrection
Perfect eyesight is considered to be 20/20 vision. Yet, over- or undercorrection of the vision is common in LASIK surgery. A physician may not reshape the eye enough, or the laser may push vision past the 20/20 point. A person with undercorrected vision may need a prescription for glasses or contacts or may need additional laser surgery. Overcorrected vision may result in blurred eyesight and may also require another LASIK surgery. In rare cases, overcorrection may be permanent.
Dry Eyes
Many persons undergoing LASIK surgery will experience dry eyes after the surgical procedure. Dry eyes can be treated with eye drops until the symptoms clear up. According to the Milton S. Hershey Medical Center College of Medicine, physicians may also insert tiny plugs into the tear ducts to keep them open and able to produce moisture. Dry eyes may be persistent and severe, though, requiring eye rinses and special goggles and masks.
Bacterial Infections
Bacterial infections, such as Staph, are a growing post-LASIK surgery threat, according to clinicians reporting in the American Journal of Ophthalmology. While anyone can contract a bacterial infection, persons working in or around the healthcare industry are most at risk. If signs of infection, including red or oozing eyes or pain in the eyes, are experienced, seek medical attention immediately.
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