Migraine headaches affect approximately 15 to 20 percent of pregnant women, notes the UAB Medical Center. Fortunately, for many sufferers, migraines often taper off toward the end of pregnancy. During pregnancy, any medication that the mother takes may affect the developing baby; therefore, pregnant women must often change their treatment method for dealing with migraine headaches. Not all medications are safe during pregnancy. Jennifer Niebyl, an OB-Gyn with Baby Center explains that some medications can constrict blood vessels, causing devastating effects on the baby.
Beta Blockers
Beta blockers are a group of prescription medications that help prevent migraines. The Migraine Awareness Group explains that using beta blockers during pregnancy has been linked to some problems such as low blood sugar and low blood pressure in the baby at birth. These conditions can be corrected and have not proven to be life threatening, therefore, beta blockers are sometimes used for migraine treatment during pregnancy. Doctors can help patients weigh the risks and benefits and find the best treatment for their situation.
Acetaminophen and Caffeine
Acetaminophen is an over-the-counter medication, also known as Tylenol. The UAB Health System notes that after the first trimester of pregnancy, it is generally considered safe and may be used for the treatment of migraines. The medication may be combined with caffeine for added therapeutic benefits. The Migraine Awareness Group notes that as much as 300mg of caffeine per day is most likely safe during pregnancy. Patients are advised to consult with a doctor prior to beginning any over-the-counter remedy during pregnancy, including caffeine.
Codeine
Codeine is a narcotic pain medication that is thought to be generally safe during pregnancy, as noted by the Migraine Awareness Group and Baby Center. This medication should be used cautiously, especially during the first and second trimesters, to avoid birth defects such as cleft lip and palate. Tylenol with codeine may be prescribed by for treatment of migraines during pregnancy, combining two medications that are generally considered safe during pregnancy.
