Many studies indicate that children of alcoholics need to take special care when drinking and realize they may have a greater chance of developing alcohol problems than other people. Researchers believe genetics play a vital role in the development of alcoholism, but the exact genetic pathways have not been found. Finding the gene responsible could determine who is at risk of becoming an alcoholic. Knowing that you have a parent or parents with alcohol problems can alert you to the possibility of developing problems of your own.
Significance
A study by the University of Granada found that low endorphin levels may determine whether someone will become an alcoholic. Endorphins are substances in the brain that are released in response to different situations, such as pain. They help numb or dull pain. Researchers believe that low levels of endorphins can lead to a dependence on such addictive substances as alcohol. The researchers also found that these low endorphin levels are hereditary.
Effects
The researchers studied 200 families in the southern Spanish province of Granada. There was at least one chronic alcoholic in each family. Children in these families registered lower endorphin levels than other children. Children whose parents were both alcoholics had even lower levels of the substances.
Geography
Research at the Indiana University School of Medicine indicates there are two genes that protect against alcoholism. These genes have been found in groups of people who have low rates of alcoholism, including Asians. The protective genes are lacking among Euro-Americans and Native Americans, groups who have higher rates of alcoholism.
Expert Insight
Although some researchers believe environment also plays a key role in the development of alcoholism, genetic factors show up in many studies. Mayo Clinic scientists say that emotional states and psychological factors, as well as social and cultural factors, can cause heavy drinking. They point out that genetics and family history may cause a person to become more vulnerable to alcoholism and other addictions, based on research.
Potential
It is certainly true that you do not have to be the child of an alcoholic to become a problem drinker. But the research that is available indicates the chances are much higher among children of alcoholics. Knowing that your parent or parents suffered from alcoholism can at least alert you to the risks that you may face.
