Abdominal ultrasounds are typically done at least once during a pregnancy. There are different types of abdominal ultrasounds, but all offer a glimpse inside the womb at the developing baby. Several types of ultrasounds are available for use during pregnancy, depending on the physician’s preference and possible pregnancy complications.
Features of Abdominal Ultrasound
Abdominal ultrasound is a way for the physician to see inside the womb. It uses sound waves sent through a transducer, which is moved around the abdomen. The abdominal ultrasound generates an image of both the reproductive organs and the developing baby.
Reasons for an Ultrasound
Abdominal ultrasounds are typically done to check on the baby’s development in the womb. According to Medline Plus, the technician is usually checking for one or more of the following: the baby’s size and position; the position of the placenta; the baby’s sex; evidence of health problems; and the amount of amniotic fluid in the womb. Typically, an abdominal ultrasound is done between weeks 18 and 20 to check for any potential congenital problems, but a doctor may prescribe more than one if there is a medical necessity, if there is a history of birth defects or if there are multiple babies.
Types of Abdominal Ultrasound
Standard and targeted ultrasounds are the more common abdominal ultrasounds in pregnancy and reveal images of the baby in two dimensions. The Mayo Clinic reports that a targeted ultrasound uses more advanced equipment than the standard type and takes longer to complete. It is generally done when the doctor suspects a problem with the pregnancy. Three-dimensional ultrasounds are gaining popularity and use more specialized transducers to reveal more details, particularly in the baby’s face. A doctor may use this to get a better look at the growing baby, though many women opt to have one for a keepsake portrait of their babies in utero. If the doctor suspects a problem with the baby’s heart or circulation, he may schedule a Doppler ultrasound or fetal echocardiography, which can reveal the structures of the heart and measure blood flow in detail.
What to Expect
During an abdominal ultrasound, you will be asked to move your shirt and pants aside so the technician can access your entire belly. Changing into a gown is not usually required. The technician will use gel on your belly, which provides a medium for the ultrasound waves. A regular abdominal ultrasound takes around 20 minutes, though a targeted ultrasound may take several hours, according to the Mayo Clinic. During the exam, you will be able to see your baby in motion on the screen.
Preparing for the Ultrasound
A full bladder makes it easier to see the image on the scanner. Medline Plus reports that before an ultrasound you may be asked to drink several glasses of water and refrain from urinating. Also, avoid putting any lotions or creams on your belly before your ultrasound, as this can interfere with the transducer.
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