People use gamma-hydroxybutyrate, or GHB, as a club drug. A central nervous system depressant, GHB decreases activity in the brain. People become euphoric and have fewer inhibitions when using GHB. The National Institute on Drug Abuse explains that people use GHB for date rape and bodybuilding. Abusing GHB can lead to serious health problems.
Changes in Consciousness
The National Institute on Drug Abuse points out that GHB can cause sedative effects and can result in altered consciousness. For example, when people use high doses of GHB, they can become sleepy and lethargic. With dangerously high doses that can cause an overdose, the changes in consciousness can become more severe. The University of Maryland's Center for Substance Abuse Research reports that people may lose consciousness when they take too much. Some people may enter a coma. Death may occur with a GHB overdose.
Physical Dependence and Withdrawal
When people abuse GHB, they develop a physical dependence, in which their bodies need the drug to function. If they stop using the drug, they can have withdrawal symptoms. The National Institute on Drug Abuse notes that during GHB withdrawal, people may develop anxiety, in which they cannot control their fears. GHB withdrawal can cause physical symptoms, such as sweating and tremors. Users may have insomnia during withdrawal.
Neurological Problems
Abuse of GHB can result in neurological problems. As the amount of GHB taken increases, the severity of the symptoms increases as well. The University of Maryland's Center for Substance Abuse Research explains that high doses of GHB can cause problems with memory and thinking. People may have trouble remembering new information, which impairs their learning. High doses can also cause disorientation and confusion. Doses of GHB that cause overdose can result in amnesia, in which the user does not remember what happened during the time he used the drug. Some people may start having seizures, which can affect consciousness and sensation. Other people may have hallucinations, in which they hear or see objects that do not exist.
Changes in Physical State
GHB can affect users physically as well. When taking high doses of GHB, users may have muscle relaxation. Their breathing and heart rate can decrease. But with amounts of GHB that cause an overdose, the physical changes can become serious. The University of Maryland's Center for Substance Abuse Research points out that people can have respiratory depression, in which they do not get enough air. Other physical effects include nausea, vomiting and a headache.
