Staphylococci are a type of bacteria that can cause a number of diseases and infections in the human body, commonly known as staph infections. There are over 30 types of the Staphylococci bacteria, but the one that most commonly causes infection is Staphylococcus aureus, according to Medline Plus. Skin infections are the most common infection associated with Staphylococci, but other conditions can occur as well.
Impetigo
Impetigo is a skin infection caused by Staphylococci that is characterized by blisters and sores on the face, neck, hands and diaper area of infants, according to Kids Health. The blisters and sores are accompanied by an itch and often burst, resulting in a crusty covering. Impetigo is a contagious condition that is one of the most common skin infections among kids. Impetigo often occurs as a result of repeated scratching that results in an opening or wound in the skin where the bacteria can enter into the body. If impetigo only affects a small area of the body, an over-the-counter antibiotic cream is usually effective in treating the condition. If the infection has spread throughout the body, an oral antibiotic prescription is necessary.
Toxic Shock Syndrome
Toxic shock syndrome is a potentially life-threatening infection that is most often caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The development of toxic shock syndrome is most often associated with the use and infrequent changing of superabsorbent tampons. Symptoms of toxic shock syndrome include sudden high fever, low blood pressure, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, confusion, muscle aches, headaches and seizures, according to Mayo Clinic. Those with toxic shock syndrome are usually hospitalized and given antibiotics. If blood pressure drops too low, blood pressure medications may be given. Toxic shock syndrome can cause kidney failure. If this occurs, dialysis may be needed.
Osteomyelitis
Osteomyelitis is an infection of the bone that is most often caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The bacteria gains entry to the bone through prior infections in the body, bacteria in the blood stream, minor trauma or an open injury, such as a fracture that pierces the skin, according to the Cleveland Clinic. Symptoms of osteomyelitis include pain or tenderness in the affected area, swelling, fever, nausea, excessive sweating, chills and changes in walking patterns. Treatment of osteomyelitis includes draining of open wounds, antibiotic medications and casts or splints. If the infection has spread, surgery may be necessary to remove the infected bone tissue. Osteomyelitis that is left untreated can cause deformity, increased susceptibility to fractures and other chronic problems.
