Lymphoma is a cancer that develops in the lymphatic system. Lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, circulate through the lymphatic system and fight infection. According to the National Cancer Institute, there are two major categories of lymphoma: Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Both categories can occur in children and adults, and symptoms are similar, but treatments vary. Anyone experiencing symptoms that persist after two weeks should see a doctor, notes the NCI.
Lumps Under the Skin
Lymphoma causes lymph nodes in the neck and collarbone area, the armpits or in the groin area to swell. The node feels like a lump under the skin and may even be visible. Nodes may come and go in Hodgkin lymphoma, but eventually remain and get larger. In non-Hodgkin lymphoma, nodes steadily get larger. The enlarged lymph node usually does not hurt, but may become painful after drinking alcohol in Hodgkin lymphoma, according to the American Cancer Society (ACS). Other cancers and infection may also cause lymph node enlargement, and lymph node enlargement in children is more likely due to infection. A doctor should evaluate the cause of any swollen lymph node.
Coughing, Trouble Breathing and Chest Pain
If lymph nodes in the chest area enlarge due to lymphoma, they may press on the windpipe or trachea, and cause coughing or difficulty breathing. There may be pain around the breastbone. If the nodes press on the vein that carries blood from the head and arms to the heart, swelling and a bluish-red color in the upper body can occur, according to the ACS.
Weight Loss and Fatigue
Unexplained weight loss, or weight loss without trying, is a symptom of lymphoma. Loss of appetite may occur. A feeling of weakness or tiredness that does not go away with rest may be a sign of lymphoma.
Fever and Night Sweats
Persistent fever and excessive sweating at night are symptoms of both Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Clothes may become soaked with sweat even when the room is cool.
Abdominal Changes
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma can affect lymph nodes in the abdomen causing swelling and tenderness. Nausea, vomiting and constipation develop when lymph nodes near the stomach or intestines enlarge. Clothes may become tight and uncomfortable.
Skin Changes
Lymphomas of the skin are generally classified as non-Hodgkin lymphomas and appear as red or purple lumps or nodules under the skin. The nodules may itch. Skin itching may also occur with Hodgkin lymphoma.
Brain Changes
Lymphomas of the brain cause headache, changes in personality, trouble concentrating and thinking, and occasionally seizures, according to the American Cancer Society.
