The bicycle functions as a mode of transportation, piece of sports equipment or toy for children. Types of bicycles include road, mountain, BMX and touring. Over the years, each component of the bicycle has evolved into what are now scientifically complex pieces of equipment.
Handlebars
The handlebars are a set of tubes that you hold onto to control the front wheel. Control mechanisms for other components such as the brakes and gears usually are attached to the handle bars. Handlebars come in many different shapes, sizes and configurations to suit each type of riding as well as to suit each individual rider.
Frame
The frame is the set of basic tubing to which every other component of the bike is attached. There are many different frames on the market today, each suited for a particular type of racing and type of rider. Bikes designed for road racing feature lightweight frames. Mountain bikes require a stronger, more durable frame. The frame of BMX bikes is smaller. Frames are typically made of metal or carbon. Frames also come in different sizes to correlate with rider height.
Saddle
The saddle is the cycling term for the seat of the bicycle. Seat designs vary by bike type as well as cyclist comfort preference. Saddles vary in length, width, hardness and shape. Saddles also come in both a men’s and women’s variety to account for the variation in anatomy between the sexes. Saddles are made of leather, plastic or other synthetic material.
Wheels
The wheels of the bicycle consist of a central hub with spokes connecting to the rim of the wheel. The wheels support the tires and are one of the most important parts of a bicycle. Many bikes feature a quick release that allows the wheel to be changed quickly. The number and thickness of wheel spokes varies, as does the rim of the wheels. One variation is solid disc wheels. These wheels are used to increase the aerodynamics of the bike, making them ideal for races in which conditions do not require precise bike handling.
Tires
Tires are the only part of the bike that actually contacts the ground. Tires vary by bike and cycling conditions. The tire of a road racing bike are thin with minimal tread. Mountain and BMX bikes feature thick tires with large distinct tread.
Brakes
The brakes of a bicycle usually are controlled by hand mechanisms located on the handlebars. Brakes, when applied, squeeze the wheel of the bike either at the rim or the hub. This squeeze causes the rotation of the wheels to decrease resulting in a decrease in bike speed.
Pedals
Pedals are located on either side of the bike and are the mechanism for generating bike speed. The foot pedal is attached to the bike by a support arm. The size and shape of foot pedals varies. Some are simple flat platforms the cyclist foot rests on when riding. Others are designed to allow the shoes of the cyclist to clip into the pedals for a more secure hold.
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