There are several possible explanations for the appearance of dry scalp patches. Some are common and some are rare. While it is important to learn about what might be causing your dry scalp patches, you should check with your doctor right away if there are any signs of infection such as fever, putrid aroma, or pus.
Psoriasis
Psoriasis appears as scaly patches on the skin. It can appear anywhere on the body including the scalp. Researchers believe this auto-immune disorder to be hereditary. Basically the body misidentifies healthy cells as invading ones. The immune system goes into overdrive trying to fight these misidentified cells and this causes havoc. The skin's natural cycle is accelerated causing dead cells to accumulate on the surface of the skin and painful scaly lesions to appear. The treatment ranges from topical ointments with cortisone to phototherapy. Phototherapy is short exposure to ultraviolet light, like stepping into a tanning machine and then stepping right out again.
Actinic Keratosis
Actinic keratosis appears as dry scaly patches on the skin or scalp. It is caused by sun damage; risk factors are extended exposure to the sun in adults and having had several severe sunburns in childhood. The patches can appear in a few different colors: grey, pink and brown. They can also be raised or flat. The patches are not cancerous, but in rare instances can turn into skin cancer, so treatment will usually involve removal of the lesions.
Ringworm
Ringworm is a contagious fungal infection. It appears as round dry patches on the skin on the body, scalp, groin or feet. Treatment for ringworm can normally be done at home. Keeping the skin dry and treating the affected areas with an over-the-counter anti-fungal cream is what is recommended.
Eczema
Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is characterized by intense itchiness and dry patches. It can appear anywhere on the body, but is most common on the insides of the elbow and backs of the knees. Affected areas should be kept clean and moisturized. If infection occurs due to excessive scratching, consult your doctor.
Dry Skin
Dry skin is a common affliction. It is characterized by itchiness, sometimes partnered with redness. Dry skin can be caused by exposure to windy weather, winter cold, and dry heat. Treatment is simple moisturizing. Keeping a steady moisturizing routine going is important to stave off the itchiness.
