According to MayoClinic.com, thyroid removal, also known as thyroidectomy, is the surgical removal of all or part of your thyroid gland. Thyroidectomy is usually performed to treat serious thyroid disorders like thyroid cancer, enlarged thyroid glands, hyperthyroidism, as well as in patients who are allergic to drugs used to treat such disorders. According to Merck.com, hyperthyroidism is permanently controlled in more than 90 percent of patients who choose thyroidectomy. There are several effects of thyroid removal.
Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism often occurs after thyroid removal. According to MayoClinic.com, complete removal of thyroid gland results in the development of signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism, a condition in which the body does not produce sufficient amounts of thyroid hormone. MayoClinic.com recommends the use of thyroid hormone replacement therapy in these patients; a physician should continuously monitor thyroid hormone levels of a patient on this therapy.
Parathyroid Damage
According to MayoClinic.com, thyroid removal can damage parathyroid glands located behind thyroid glands. This can lead to hypoparathyroidism, resulting in abnormal low calcium levels in the blood and bones, and an increased amount of phosphorus in blood. The parathyroid gland primarily regulates blood calcium levels.
Paralysis of Vocal Cords
According to Drugs.com, thyroid removal can injure nerves to the vocal cords and larynx. This injury can cause weakness and paralysis on one side of the vocal cords and larynx. Such patients may have problems reaching high notes during singing, hoarseness, coughing, swallowing problems, or speaking problems. Drugs.com recommends that only an experienced surgeon perform thyroid removal surgery.
Bleeding
Bleeding can occur after thyroid removal. According to MayoClinic.com, bleeding is the main complication that concerns surgeons after thyroidectomy. Bleeding can cause difficult breathing and is the main cause of death following thyroidectomy.
