Patients with schizophrenia, a mental health disorder that affects perception of reality, take a type of medication called antipsychotics. The Better Health Channel, a service of the State Government of Victoria, explains that two types of antipsychotics exist: typical and atypical. Typical antipsychotics are older forms of the drug, while atypical antipsychotics are the newer type of antipsychotic. These medications can cause different side effects, which the National Institute of Mental Health notes go away within a few days.
Trouble Moving
The National Institute of Mental Health points out that atypical antipsychotics can cause problems with movement. These side effects resemble the symptoms of Parkinson's disease, a disorder caused by a decrease in dopamine. For example, patients can have persistent muscle spasms or muscle rigidity, which can make it difficult for them to move. Some patients may have tremors, in which they have uncontrolled movements. Restlessness can also occur.
Dizziness
Patients who take antipsychotics may experience dizziness. The Better Health Channel explains that when patients stand, the medication can cause a drop in blood pressure, resulting in the dizziness. This sensation may cause unsteadiness when getting up from a sitting position.
Weight Gain
Atypical antipsychotics can cause patients to gain weight. The National Institute of Mental Health notes that with the weight gain, patients have a change in metabolism, which increases patients' risks for both diabetes and high cholesterol. As a precaution, patients' doctors will monitor their blood sugar and cholesterol levels while they take these medications.
Menstruation Problems
The National Institute of Mental Health notes points out that women taking antipsychotics may have problems with menstruation. For example, some women may stop having their monthly period. These menstruation changes result from the antipsychotic interfering with women's hormones.
Drowsiness
Another common side effect of antipsychotic use is drowsiness, according to the Better Health Channel. Patients may have a lack of energy or may feel sleepy during the day, even if they get enough sleep during the night. Blurred vision may occur along with the drowsiness.
Feeling Ill
Some of the antipsychotic side effects can make patients feel ill. For example, patients may start having headaches or dry mouth. Gastrointestinal problems may also occur. The Better Health Channel points out that patients can have constipation or fluid retention.
Sexual Problems
Some users of antipsychotics may develop sexual problems, according to the Better Health Channel. For example, patients may have a decreased interest in having sex. Men may have problems getting or maintaining an erection during sexual intercourse. Both male and female patients may have trouble reaching an orgasm while using an antipsychotic.
Other Side Effects
Antipsychotics can also cause other types of side effects. The National Institute of Mental Health notes that patients may develop a sensitivity to the sun. Patients may have skin rashes, which can become itchy. Other patients may have a rapid heartbeat while using the medication.
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