Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with no known cause. According to MedlinePlus, the course and the severity of the illness can vary considerably, with infection, genes and hormones contributing to the disease. RA is two to three times more common in women than in men and generally occurs between the ages of 40 and 60 years, says the Mayo Clinic. To diagnose RA, a specific blood test called an anti-CCP antibody test may be recommended in conjunction with additional lab work and imaging studies of the affected joints. There are some early symptoms associated with RA that patients should be aware of.
Fever and Fatigue
Patients with RA may experience fever and fatigue. These symptoms may be easily mistaken for those of a common cold or flu. Fever and fatigue usually occur in conjunction with additional symptoms.
Joint Pain and Swelling
Joint pain and swelling may be early signs of RA. According to the Mayo Clinic, early RA tends to affect smaller joints first, such as the joints in wrists, hands, ankles and feet, and as the disease continues to progress, the shoulders, elbows, knees, hips, jaw and neck can also become involved. Joint pain and swelling may be more likely to occur symmetrically, which means they occur in joints on both sides of the body equally. The wrists, fingers, knees, feet and ankles are the most commonly affected, says MedlinePlus. Patients may notice an increase in joint pain and stiffness during the morning hours. Doctors may prescribe a non teroidal anti-inflammatory medication such as ibuprofen to help relieve joint pain and decrease inflammation.
Loss of Appetite and Weight Loss
RA may cause a loss of appetite, which can lead to weight loss. Patients who experience these symptoms may benefit from trying to eat small meals spaced frequently throughout the day. Nutrient-rich foods such as lean meats, vegetables, whole grains and fruits should be chosen to ensure optimal nutrition. For patients who have difficulty eating solid food, the use of a liquid nutritional supplement may help to maintain nutritional status. Patients with RA who experience loss of appetite and weight loss may want to consider consulting with a registered nurse or dietitian for nutritional counseling.
Eye Discomfort
Patients with early RA may experience eye discomfort. Symptoms may include eye burning, itching and discharge, says MedlinePlus. Patients who experience these symptoms should consult their health care provider. Those who experience bothersome eye discomfort may want to consult their ophthalmologist.
