Fosamax is a brand name for the generic drug alendronate. It is a bisphosphonate-type medication used to treat and prevent osteoporosis. Osteoporosis occurs when bone density is lost over time, which increases the risk of fracture. According to the prescribing information, Fosamax slows the process of bone loss. It is given orally as either a tablet or liquid and can be taken in weekly or daily doses. Some patients may search for alternatives due to problems with Fosamax or a preference for a different dosing schedule.
Other Bisphosphonates
The National Osteoporosis Foundation's Clinician Guide lists two similar bisphosphonate medications also used for osteoporosis. These are Actonel, which is also called risedronate, and Boniva, which is the brand name of ibandronate. Both medications are similar to Fosamax in the way they work for osteoporosis but are available as monthly doses. The prescribing information offers an injectable alternative for Boniva that is given once every three months. There is also a once-yearly bisphosphonate option called zoledronic acid, also known as Reclast and Zometa. It is given intravenously.
Forteo
Another injectable alternative to Fosamax is teriparatide, sold as the brand name, Forteo. According to the prescribing information, it is given as a daily injection that is similar to using an insulin pen for diabetes. Forteo works differently than bisphosphonate medications. It mimics the action of the human parathyroid hormone and helps patients to form new bone.
Prolia
Denosumab is marketed as the brand drug Prolia. It is a type of medication for osteoporosis known as a rank ligand inhibitor and works differently than bisphosphonates or Forteo to prevent bone loss. Prolia is given as an injection every six months.
Other Alternatives
The National Osteoporosis Foundation also lists raloxifene, known as Evista, to prevent and treat fractures of the spine related to osteoporosis. It is an oral medication similar to Tamoxifen, which helps reduce the risk of breast cancer. Hormone replacement products such as estrogen and progesterone can help women prevent osteoporosis after menopause. Miacalcin or calcitonin nasal spray is also used to treat osteoporosis, though the Clinician's Guide reports little information on its effects.
