Hepatitis B is a liver disease that causes inflammation and injury to the cells of the liver. Hepatitis B can be contracted through mother to child transmission, sexual contact with an infected partner or through contaminated needles. If left untreated, hepatitis B can cause permanent liver damage or liver cancer. The hepatitis B vaccination offers protection against the disease. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that all children be vaccinated at birth and have the vaccine series completed by 6 to 18 months. People receiving the hepatitis B vaccine should know that there are some risks associated with it.
Injection Site Reaction
Patients may develop an injection site reaction following hepatitis B vaccination. Symptoms may include a hard lump, redness, soreness, swelling, pain, itching, purple spot, tenderness or warmth at the place of injection, says MayoClinic.com. These side effects should diminish after a couple of days. The application of a cool compress may help to diminish swelling and discomfort. Parents and caregivers of vaccinated children should use caution while holding or diapering the child to avoid placing additional pressure on the affected area. A severe injection site reaction should be brought to the attention of a health care provider.
Fever
The hepatitis B vaccination may cause fever in some patients. Physicians may recommend the use of an over-the-counter medication such as acetaminophen to reduce fever and any associated discomfort. A high or persistent fever that is accompanied by changes in behavior may be a sign of a serious reaction to the hepatitis B vaccination and should be brought to the attention of a physician immediately, says the CDC.
Flu-Like Symptoms
Flu-like symptoms may occur as a side effect of the hepatitis B vaccine. These symptoms are typically mild and can include fatigue, malaise, decreased appetite, sore throat, weakness, nasal congestion, dizziness or nausea, says Drugs.com. Children may exhibit an increase in irritability after administration of the hepatitis B vaccine. Some pediatricians may recommend the use of children's acetaminophen to relieve these effects.
