The skin is the largest organ in the body and helps protect the body's internal environment from the external environment. While the skin defends the body from harm, occasionally, it can become infected with fungi, bacteria, viruses and parasites that can all result in the development of a skin rash, according to Mayo Clinic. Skin rashes in adults are usually not indicative of a serious condition but can cause extreme irritation, itchiness and discomfort.
Rosacea
Rosacea is a chronic, inflammatory skin rash that is characterized by small pus-filled bumps and redness on the face. Rosacea usually appears between the ages of 30 to 60 and becomes progressively worse. The cause of rosacea is unknown, but aggravating factors include hot beverages, alcohol, spicy foods, intense heat or cold, exercise and exposure to sunlight, according to the Mayo Clinic. In addition to facial bumps and redness, other symptoms of rosacea include a red, round nose, burning sensation in the eyes and increased tendency to blush. There is no cure for rosacea, but a combination of topical creams, oral medications and antibiotics can improve symptoms and reduce flare-ups.
Atopic Dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis, also referred to as eczema, is an inflammatory skin rash located most commonly inside the elbows, behind the knees, on the hands and on the feet. In adults, atopic dermatitis is usually caused by exposure to harsh environmental conditions, and people who live in cities and dry climates are more likely to develop the skin rash, according to the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. Atopic dermatitis may also continue into adulthood from childhood. Symptoms of atopic dermatitis include extreme itching, red and swollen skin, dry skin, flaky skin and the presence of clear fluid. Treatment consists of medications that can be directly applied to the skin or taken orally. Other available treatment consists of phototherapy, which is the use of ultraviolet light to improve symptoms.
Lichen Planus
Lichen planus is characterized by a swollen rash that is located on the skin surface or inside the mouth. Lichen planus is believed to appear as a result of an allergic reaction or other immune system response. When lichen planus appears on the skin, symptoms include itchiness, 2- to 4-inch lesions, shiny skin, scaly skin and the presence of thin white streaks. When lichen planus appears in the mouth, symptoms include lesions, tenderness, pain, dry mouth, metallic taste, blue-white spots and a streak-like appearance, according to Medline Plus. Mild cases of lichen planus do not require treatment and generally clear up after a few months. More severe cases may be treated with antihistamines, immune-suppressant drugs, mouth washes and skin creams.
