Intestinal inflammation can be caused by Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, two types of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Symptoms of IBD and intestinal inflammation include abdominal pain and cramping, diarrhea, weight loss, bloating, gas, nausea and vomiting. IBD can be treated with prescription anti-inflammatory medications. Supplements may also help reduce inflammation, although many are not regulated and lack scientific evidence regarding safety and effectiveness.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Omega-3 fatty acids (omega-3s) are an essential, unsaturated fatty acid. It is found in fish oil, canola oil, walnuts and flaxseed but is also available in supplemental forms like fish oil capsules. The University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC) says omega-3s can reduce intestinal inflammation associated with IBD. Common side effects of fish oil capsules include gas, bloating and diarrhea, but the UMMC says these often subside with time.
Individuals who should avoid omega-3 fish oil supplements include children, people with bleeding disorders or who bruise easily, diabetics and schizophrenics. Fish oil should be used with caution by people taking blood thinners or diabetic medications that lower blood sugar due to the risk of medication interactions. Fish oil capsules should be purchased from reputable sources to ensure the safety and quality of the product.
Astragalus
Astragalus is one of the most common herbal supplements used to treat intestinal inflammation, according to the UMMC. Astragalus has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties and traditional Chinese medicine has used it for thousands of years to strengthen the body and prevent diseases. Astragalus supplements are available as liquid alcohol extracts, capsules, tablets and injections. Astragalus can be dosed in a range of 1 to 25 g per day. The UMMC says no serious side effects are associated with astragalus, but it can suppress the immune system in high doses. It may also interact with medications that suppress the immune system.
Other Supplements
Other herbal supplements that have been used to reduce intestinal inflammation include green tea, slippery elm, German chamomile and mashmallow, according to the UMMC. Individuals with IBD or intestinal inflammation should consult a physician prior to taking herbal supplements, according to the UMMC. Dietary supplements are not regulated by the Food and Drug Administration and many have not been thoroughly researched or tested to confirm their safety or effectiveness in treating intestinal inflammation.
References
- The Mount Sinai Medical Center: Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- University of Maryland Medical Center: Crohn's Disease
- University of Maryland Medical Center: Herbs and Supplements for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- University of Maryland Medical Center: Astragalus
- University of Maryland Medical Center: Omega-3 Fatty Acids
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