Nasal CPAP, or continuous positive airway pressure, is a common treatment to prevent the occurrence of sleep apnea, a condition where people stop breathing during sleep. According to Medline Plus, CPAP works by delivering pressured air through the nostrils during sleep, which in turn helps maintain an open airway. CPAP machines are issued for home use, and often assist with normalizing sleep patterns, increasing concentration, and decreasing anxiety. However, the American Sleep Apnea Association explains that the patient compliance rate for CPAP is only around 60 percent, and suggests that side effects may contribute to the appliance's discontinued use.
Nasal Congestion
The American Sleep Apnea explains that the CPAP machine often leads to dry nasal passages. Since the nose is responsible for adding moisture to inhaled air, the body attempts to offset this by increasing mucous production, which leads to congestion and a post-nasal drip. This condition, and any burning or sneezing caused by nasal dryness, is easily solved by adding a humidifier to the CPAP machine.
Mask Irritation
Rubbing, sores over the nose and feelings of claustrophobia are common side effects of CPAP associated with the mask, explains Medline Plus. The National Sleep Foundation suggests soreness over the nose results from masks that fit too tightly or improperly. Masks should not be uncomfortable to prevent air leakage. Also, some people feel too closed in with a mask over their face. Sometimes, this can be alleviated by loosening the mask.
Difficulty Breathing
Patients with pre-existing conditions such as sinus and allergy issues, crooked noses or mouth breathers may experience difficulty breathing while using the CPAP. Since the CPAP masks typically only covers the nose, anything that restricts or prevents inhaling via the nasal passages can lead to difficulties. Addressing these pre-existing issues with a physician or switching to a full-face mask may make the CPAP easier to use.
Headaches and Ear Pain
According to the American Sleep Apnea Association, ear pain and/or headaches are another common side effect of CPAP. The typical cause for this type of pain is allergy or sinus problems and for that reason, CPAP treatments should be discontinued during acute sinus infections. Sometimes, a physician may need to prescribe allergy or sinus medications to help alleviate ear and head pain in CPAP users.
