The birth control patch, also known by brand name Ortho Evra, is a medicated patch worn on a woman's skin. The size of the patch is about 1.5 inches on all sides. The patch releases medication to prevent pregnancy. Available by prescription only, the cost in 2009 varies from $15 to $50 a month.
Placement
The patch is placed on clean skin for one week at a time for three-week sessions. The patch is removed the fourth week and not replaced until a week after. The areas used for placement are the buttocks, stomach, upper outer arm or upper body. Avoid placing on areas where clothing will rub the patch. Do not apply skin creams or other products that will prevent the patch from sticking in place. If the patch falls off, a new patch should be put in place. No back up birth control method is necessary unless the patch has been removed or 24 hours.
Benefits
The patch is 99 percent effect in preventing pregnancy, when used correctly. Bleeding during menstruation may become lighter. Cramps prior and during a woman's menstrual cycle may decrease. The risk of ovarian cancer is reduced when using the birth control patch for a long period of time. The patch does not interfere with sexual activities and is not noticeable, besides being visible, during intercourse.
Disadvantages
Your skin may become irritated where the patch is applied. Some women have reported a decreased sex drive. The patch is not as effective for women who weigh over 198 pounds.
Smoking and using the birth control patch is highly discouraged. Smokers have a higher risk of blood clots, strokes and heart attacks. If you smoke, use a different form of birth control.
How the Patch Works
The patch releases two different hormones, estrogen and progesterone. The hormones diffuse through the skin into the woman's blood stream. The hormones stop the natural process of ovulation from occurring. Ovulation occurs when the ovaries release eggs to be fertilized by sperm. The hormones also increase the mucosal lining of cervix as well as lining of the uterus making it difficult for sperm to enter and attach to the uterine wall.
Warning
When using the patch contact medical help immediately if sharp pain or difficulty breathing occurs. There is an increased chance of blood clots forming and creating a pulmonary embolism when using the patch. Pain or numbness in the calf or lower leg area is a sign of a blood clot may have formed. This requires immediate medical attention.
