Eucalyptus globulus is an evergreen tree that grows naturally in Australia and Tasmania. Its leaves and oil are used for medicinal purposes. Although numerous over-the-counter remedies include eucalyptus oil, particularly as a decongestant, MedlinePlus notes that more research is necessary to confirm any health benefits. The University of Maryland Medical Center recommends taking eucalyptus preparations only under the supervision of a health care provider qualified in botanical medicine.
Uses
Eucalyptus oil and eucalyptol, a main chemical in this oil, are commonly used for relieving congestion and loosening phlegm, explains MedlinePlus. Commercial products such as Vicks VapoRub and Mentholatum, as well as cough lozenges, include eucalyptus oil. Some mouthwashes, such as Listerine, include eucalyptol in addition to other active ingredients. Research supports using this type of mouthwash for treating plaque and gingivitis, according to InteliHealth, although it is not known whether eucalyptus is effective on its own without the additional ingredients. Topical eucalyptus oil also appears helpful for treating skin ulcers, however, further research is needed to confirm this benefit.
Function
Laboratory research indicates that eucalyptus oil and leaves contain chemical components with several beneficial properties, according to the UMMC. Eucalyptus contains tannins, believed to reduce inflammation; flavonoids, with antioxidant properties that prevent cell damage; and eucalyptol, which has antiseptic properties. Antiseptic substances inhibit or kill bacteria and other microorganisms, including fungi and viruses.
Skin Ulcers
People have used eucalyptus traditionally for healing wounds, fungal infections such as athlete's foot, and skin ulcers, as noted by InteliHealth. Skin ulcers are open sores often characterized by shedding of inflamed tissue. A common cause is circulation problems, as in pressure ulcers, or bed sores, explains Natural Standard. Venous leg ulcers are related to circulation problems as well. Skin ulcers also can be caused by trauma, exposure to extreme temperatures and contact with corrosive chemicals. Some research indicates that topical eucalyptus essential oil in combination with antibiotics may be beneficial for treating leg ulcers, according to MedlinePlus.
Cancer-Related Skin Ulcers
Bad-smelling skin ulcers in cancer patients can lead to social isolation and poor quality of life, and treatment with antibacterial essential oils can help, explains an article published in the July 2006 issue of Phytomedicine. The authors treated patients with an antibacterial essential oil mix primarily based on eucalyptus oil, along with oral antibiotics or bacteria-killing organisms. Bad odors disappeared by the third or fourth day of treatment, and the oils also had anti-inflammatory effects on skin ulcers. Some of the sores healed completely.
Warning
Topical use or inhalation of eucalyptus oil at low concentrations is generally safe, according to Medline Plus. However, applying the oil to skin can cause skin irritation and rashes in some people, and,if taken orally,can also increase drowsiness when used in conjunction with sedative medications. Consuming even small amounts of undiluted eucalyptus oil can cause life-threatening reactions. MedlinePlus warns that eucalyptus oil should not be used topically or internally with young children. Eucalyptus products applied to the face of a baby or young child can cause breathing spasms.
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