Hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia are both words that represent conditions involving irregular distribution of sugar in the blood. Hyperglycemia describes glucose (sugar) levels that are inordinately high, while hypoglycemia glucose (sugar) levels that are inordinately low. Both are serious abnormalities, which, left untreated, can result in severe and irrevocable damage to the body.
Causes
Hyperglycemia is often an early indication of diabetes, a chronic condition occurring when the pancreas is no longer able to produce sufficient amounts of sugar-neutralizing insulin. High blood sugar can be attributed to many factors, including overeating, injury, illness, genetic disposition and stress.
Hypoglycemia is typically the result of inadequate sugar ingestion, or an overabundance of insulin in the blood. Hypoglycemia can be seen in diabetics who have not eaten enough, or who introduce immoderate amounts of insulin into their body.
Symptoms
Symptoms of hypoglycemia include sudden mood swings, difficulty staying focused, tingling around the mouth, uncoordinated movement, undue sweating and paling skin.
Symptoms of hyperglycemia include excessive hunger or thirst, dry mouth, blurry vision, sudden weight loss and frequent urination.
Dangers
Since the brain burns glucose for energy, persistent hypoglycemia can result in cerebral damage, seizures and even death.
Hyperglycemia can, progressively, lead to blindness, kidney failure, heart disease and stroke. Hyperglycemic individuals are also highly susceptible to sugar-respondent infections, and may develop wounds that are slow to heal.
Risk Reduction
You can significantly lower your chances of developing either condition by making a few important lifestyle decisions. Reach and sustain an ideal body weight. Stay clear of crash diets that rob your body of vital nutrients. Include plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables in your meals. Exercise for at least 30 minutes several days a week. Limit sweets and fatty foods to a minimum.
