The Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America (AAFA) states any substance that causes the immune system to overreact is considered an allergen. Allergies cause reactions in the body such as itchy eyes, nasal congestion, sneezing, hives and the swelling of the lips. Allergies can be treated with different over-the-counter medications such as pain relievers, antihistamines and decongestants, but can also be prevented with different precautions, according to MayoClinic.com. Allergy precautions can prevent or greatly reduce a person's reaction to a particular allergen, according to the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (AAAAI).
Use Saline
MayoClinic.com states saline sprays and nasal washes are an effective way to prevent and treat allergy symptoms related to the nasal cavity. Saline solution is a combination of salt and water that rinses the sinuses of excessive mucus and moistens the cavity. Saline spray is used by either placing drops in the nose or by spraying it up the nostrils. Saline rinses use a neti pot to pour saline solution into the nostril that goes throughout the entire sinus cavity, removing irritants and mucus.
Avoid Allergens
According to the AAFA, avoiding allergens is an effective precaution for allergies. The type of substance a person is allergic to will determine the steps required to avoid it. An allergy to pollen would require a person to stay indoors during high-pollen season. A mold allergy is dealt with by removing mold from the place of residence using bleach-water. Pet dander allergens are avoided by removing and avoiding contact with animals. Food allergies are avoided by not consuming any food product containing the allergen, such as eggs, nuts or dairy products.
Avoid Irritants
According to the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), irritants can cause allergic reactions and increased asthma. Cigarette smoke and pollution are irritants that can affect a person's allergies and asthma. These both contain harmful chemical fumes that can cause nasal congestion, chest tightening and eye irritation.
Allergy Testing
The AAAAI states allergy testing is a precaution that helps people identify the exact substances causing the allergic reaction. Allergy tests are administered by an allergist and will provide more specific knowledge on how to avoid allergens. An allergist may also recommend allergy shot treatment to prevent chronic allergies such as hay fever.
