Sleep apnea is a condition that affects breathing while sleeping. Individuals with this condition stop breathing for 10 to 20 seconds at a time, hundreds of times per night, states HelpGuide.org. A continuous positive airflow pressure machine, commonly called a CPAP machine, is a standard treatment method for sleep apnea. It provides a constant stream of air to the individual during sleep to make sure breathing passages remain open. CPAP causes some unwanted side effects that can make patients forgo its use.
Facial Discomfort
The CPAP mask can be uncomfortable if it doesn't fit properly. It should be against the skin enough to prevent an air leak but not so tight that discomfort or pain occur, states the American Sleep Apnea Association. The mask can be uncomfortable even when it fits properly for a first-time user until she gets used to having something against her face while sleeping. A sore nose, even blisters or open wounds, can develop from a poorly fitting mask, which is not a side effect the user should tolerate. CPAP masks can fit different nose shapes or individuals more comfortably. HelpGuide.org recommends users apply a facial moisturizer before using the CPAP to reduce the risk of chaffing or other skin irritation.
Nasal Irritation
Under normal circumstances, the nose moisturizes and warms inhaled air before it reaches the lungs. The American Sleep Apnea Association points out that forced air through the nose via the CPAP can lead to irritation of the nasal passages. This can include a dry nose, runny nose, burning and frequent sneezing. When the nose is overly dry, it can crack and bleed frequently. Users can combat this side effect of the CPAP by using a humidifier. A special attachment can be ordered to go along with the CPAP itself. Some individuals can benefit from the cold water humidifier, but others may find that a warm air humidifier is more effective in alleviating nasal irritation. When a person awakens, a saline nasal spray can be used to remoisturize the nasal passages and improve nasal irritation.
Head and Ear Pressure
Individuals with sleep apnea tend to wake with a headache from oxygen deprivation. The CPAP machine usually eliminates this morning headache, but it can also exacerbate the discomfort, especially when congestion is present. Sinus pressure can build from the congestion and cause pain in the face where the sinuses exist and also pressure in the ears. A cold, allergies or other illnesses can increase the head and ear pressure symptoms. When the symptoms exist beyond the illness or discomfort, the user should discuss the issue with a health care provider.
Gas
Air can be trapped in the stomach with the use of a CPAP machine, but it isn't extremely common, reports the American Sleep Apnea Association. The air in the stomach can cause stomach pain or gas. This can wake the individual from sleep. Sleeping with the head slightly inclined can reduce gas, but it can also interfere with the individual's breathing.
Anxiety and Frustration
Beginning CPAP treatment is described as unnerving by the University of Maryland Medical Center. Most users will overcome the anxiety after several nights of using the mask. Sleep may be interrupted significantly during the first few nights, frustrating the user. Some individuals may feel the effects of claustrophobia or other forms of confinement discomfort due to the mask and the airflow. Treatment should begin on a low pressure setting to gradually introduce the user to the sensation of sleeping with continuous airflow into the airways.
Oral Discomfort
Continuous airflow into the mouth can dry the tongue and the throat. The University of Maryland Medical Center suggests the user is likely to wake with a sore throat or sore mouth because of the CPAP. Like nasal irritation remedies, oral discomfort can be improved with a proper fitting mask, humidifier use or a nasal salt water solution.
